वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-3, verse-18

सुग्रीवो नाम धर्मात्मा कश्चिद्वानरयूथपः ।
वीरो विनिकृतो भ्रात्रा जगद्भ्रमति दुःखितः ॥१८॥

18. sugrīvo nāma dharmātmā kaścidvānarayūthapaḥ ,
vīro vinikṛto bhrātrā jagadbhramati duḥkhitaḥ.

18. sugrīvaḥ nāma dharmātmā kaścit vānarayūthapaḥ
vīraḥ vinikṛtaḥ bhrātrā jagat bhramati duḥkhitaḥ

18. nāma kaścit dharmātmā vānarayūthapaḥ sugrīvaḥ
vīraḥ bhrātrā vinikṛtaḥ duḥkhitaḥ jagat bhramati

18. There is a certain monkey chieftain named Sugriva, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous. This valiant one, having been wronged by his brother, wanders the world in distress.

Words meanings summery:

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name of a monkey king))

• नाम (nāma) - by name (name, by name, indeed)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous (righteous, virtuous, one whose nature is righteousness)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (someone, a certain, any)

• वानरयूथपः (vānarayūthapaḥ) - monkey chieftain (monkey chieftain, leader of a monkey troop)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - valiant one, hero (hero, valiant, brave)

• विनिकृतः (vinikṛtaḥ) - wronged (wronged, humiliated, disgraced, deprived)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother (Vali) (by the brother)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)

• भ्रमति (bhramati) - he wanders (he wanders, he roams)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - in distress (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy)

Words meanings and morphology

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name of a monkey king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - one with a beautiful neck (proper noun, name of the monkey king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

नाम (nāma) - by name (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous (righteous, virtuous, one whose nature is righteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - whose nature (ātman) is righteousness (dharma), righteous in character/soul

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature
  noun (masculine)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain (someone, a certain, any)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, a certain (indefinite pronoun)

Formed from kim + cid.

वानरयूथपः (vānarayūthapaḥ) - monkey chieftain (monkey chieftain, leader of a monkey troop)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānarayūthapa

vānarayūthapa - chief of a troop of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+yūthapa)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – chief of a herd/troop, leader
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of yūtha (troop) + pa (protector/lord).

वीरः (vīraḥ) - valiant one, hero (hero, valiant, brave)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, valiant, brave, strong

विनिकृतः (vinikṛtaḥ) - wronged (wronged, humiliated, disgraced, deprived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinikṛta

vinikṛta - wronged, humiliated, disgraced, deprived (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (8U) with prefixes vi and ni.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by his brother (Vali) (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, what moves, moving (present active participle of gam)

Present Active Participle

From root gam (1P).

Root: gam (class 1)

भ्रमति (bhramati) - he wanders (he wanders, he roams)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhram

Root: bhram (class 1)

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - in distress (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy, pained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from noun duḥkha with -ita suffix, or from root duḥkh (1A).

Root: duḥkh (class 1)