वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-26, verse-5

अवसत्तत्र धर्मात्मा राघवः सहलक्ष्मणः ।
बहुदृश्यदरीकुञ्जे तस्मिन्प्रस्रवणे गिरौ ॥५॥

5. avasattatra dharmātmā rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ ,
bahudṛśyadarīkuñje tasminprasravaṇe girau.

5. avasat tatra dharmātmā rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ
bahudṛśyadarīkuñje tasmin prasravaṇe girau

5. dharmātmā rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ tatra tasmin
girau bahudṛśyadarīkuñje prasravaṇe avasat

5. There, the righteous (dharma-ātman) Rama (rāghava), accompanied by Lakshmana, dwelt on that mountain abundant with springs and featuring many picturesque caves and bowers.

Words meanings summery:

• अवसत् (avasat) - Rama dwelt (on the mountain) (he dwelt, he lived)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on that mountain) (there, in that place)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous (dharma-ātman) one (one whose natural law (dharma) is soul/essence, righteous, virtuous)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

• सहलक्ष्मणः (sahalakṣmaṇaḥ) - accompanied by Lakshmana (with Lakshmana)

• बहुदृश्यदरीकुञ्जे (bahudṛśyadarīkuñje) - in that mountain featuring many picturesque caves and bowers (in that mountain with many visible caves and bowers)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (mountain) (in that)

• प्रस्रवणे (prasravaṇe) - in that (mountain) which has springs, or at the springs on the mountain (in the spring, in the waterfall, on the mountain having springs)

• गिरौ (girau) - on that mountain (on the mountain)

Words meanings and morphology

अवसत् (avasat) - Rama dwelt (on the mountain) (he dwelt, he lived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Imperfect Active

Root vas (to dwell); Imperfect 3rd person singular active voice, with augment a-

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject is rāghavaḥ

तत्र (tatra) - there (on that mountain) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad + suffix tra

Note: Modifies avasat

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous (dharma-ātman) one (one whose natural law (dharma) is soul/essence, righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous, virtuous, having a righteous soul (dharma) or nature (ātman)

Compound of dharma (natural law, intrinsic nature) and ātman (self, soul, spirit, essence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + man suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root an (to breathe)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Rama

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, belonging to Raghu's family (i.e., Rama)

From raghu (name of an ancestor) + aṇ suffix

Note: Subject of avasat

सहलक्ष्मणः (sahalakṣmaṇaḥ) - accompanied by Lakshmana (with Lakshmana)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahalakṣmaṇa

sahalakṣmaṇa - with Lakshmana

Bahuvrīhi compound of saha (with) and lakṣmaṇa (Lakshmana)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+lakṣmaṇa)

• saha – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (name of Rama's brother)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with rāghavaḥ

बहुदृश्यदरीकुञ्जे (bahudṛśyadarīkuñje) - in that mountain featuring many picturesque caves and bowers (in that mountain with many visible caves and bowers)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bahudṛśyadarīkuñja

bahudṛśyadarīkuñja - having many visible caves and bowers

Bahuvrīhi compound of bahu (many), dṛśya (visible, picturesque), and darīkuñja (cave and bower)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+dṛśya+darīkuñja)

• bahu – many, numerous
  adjective
• dṛśya – visible, discernible, beautiful, picturesque
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root dṛś (to see) with suffix ya
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• darīkuñja – cave and bower
  noun (masculine)
  Dvandva compound of darī (cave) and kuñja (bower)

Note: Adjective agreeing with girau

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (mountain) (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective pronoun qualifying girau

प्रस्रवणे (prasravaṇe) - in that (mountain) which has springs, or at the springs on the mountain (in the spring, in the waterfall, on the mountain having springs)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prasravaṇa

prasravaṇa - spring, cascade, flowing forth, a mountain with springs

From root sru (to flow) with prefix pra + suffix ana

Prefix: pra

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies girau, indicating the mountain is abundant with springs

गिरौ (girau) - on that mountain (on the mountain)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

From root gṛ (to swallow) or gṝ (to sprinkle)

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Indicates the location of dwelling

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