वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-9, verse-9

प्रसीदन्तु भवन्तो मे ह्रीरेषा हि ममातुला ।
यदीदृशैरहं विप्रैरुपस्थेयैरुपस्थितः ।
किं करोमीति च मया व्याहृतं द्विजसंनिधौ ॥९॥

9. prasīdantu bhavanto me hrīreṣā hi mamātulā ,
yadīdṛśairahaṃ viprairupastheyairupasthitaḥ ,
kiṃ karomīti ca mayā vyāhṛtaṃ dvijasaṃnidhau.

9. prasīdantu bhavantaḥ me hrīḥ eṣā hi
mama atulā yadi īdṛśaiḥ aham vipraiḥ
upastheyaiḥ upasthitaḥ kim karomi
iti ca mayā vyāhṛtam dvijasaṃnidhau

9. bhavantaḥ me prasīdantu hi eṣā mama
atulā hrīḥ yadi aham īdṛśaiḥ
upastheyaiḥ vipraiḥ upasthitaḥ ca kim
karomi iti mayā dvijasaṃnidhau vyāhṛtam

9. May you (sages) be gracious to me; for this is indeed an incomparable shame for me, that I am being attended by such venerable Brahmins. 'What can I do?' - this too was uttered by me in the presence of the Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रसीदन्तु (prasīdantu) - may you be pleased, may you be gracious

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (sages) (you (honorific), sirs)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• ह्रीः (hrīḥ) - shame, embarrassment (shame, modesty, embarrassment)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• हि (hi) - for (indeed, surely, for)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अतुला (atulā) - immense, incomparable (incomparable, unequalled)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• ईदृशैः (īdṛśaiḥ) - by such, by such-like

• अहम् (aham) - I

• विप्रैः (vipraiḥ) - by Brahmins (by Brahmins, by inspired ones)

• उपस्थेयैः (upastheyaiḥ) - by venerable (Brahmins) (by those to be served, by venerable ones)

• उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - attended (by) (approached, attended, present)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

• करोमि (karomi) - I can do (I do, I make)

• इति (iti) - marking direct speech (thus, so)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मया (mayā) - by me

• व्याहृतम् (vyāhṛtam) - spoken, uttered, declared

• द्विजसंनिधौ (dvijasaṁnidhau) - in the presence of Brahmins

Words meanings and morphology

प्रसीदन्तु (prasīdantu) - may you be pleased, may you be gracious

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of prasīd

Imperative Active

root sad + upasarga pra, 3rd person plural, imperative, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The 3rd person plural imperative is often used politely for 'you'.

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (sages) (you (honorific), sirs)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavant

bhavant - your honor, sir (present participle used as honorific pronoun)

Present Active Participle

root bhū + śatṛ suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as an honorific pronoun.

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form.

ह्रीः (hrīḥ) - shame, embarrassment (shame, modesty, embarrassment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hrī

hrī - shame, modesty, embarrassment, humility

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Modifies 'hrīḥ'.

हि (hi) - for (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अतुला (atulā) - immense, incomparable (incomparable, unequalled)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of atula

atula - incomparable, unequalled, immense

a (neg.) + tulā (balance)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+tula)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• tula – balance, comparison, measure
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'hrīḥ'.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the conditional clause.

ईदृशैः (īdṛśaiḥ) - by such, by such-like

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of īdṛś

īdṛś - such, such-like, of this kind

Note: Modifies 'vipraiḥ' and 'upastheyaiḥ'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

विप्रैः (vipraiḥ) - by Brahmins (by Brahmins, by inspired ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise

Note: Refers to the sages.

उपस्थेयैः (upastheyaiḥ) - by venerable (Brahmins) (by those to be served, by venerable ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upasthya

upasthya - to be served, to be worshipped, venerable

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

root sthā + upasarga upa + ṇyat suffix

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vipraiḥ'.

उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - attended (by) (approached, attended, present)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, attended, standing near, present

Past Passive Participle

root sthā + upasarga upa + kta suffix

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agreement with 'aham'.

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

करोमि (karomi) - I can do (I do, I make)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active

root kṛ, 1st person singular, present, active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - marking direct speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of passive 'vyāhṛtam'.

व्याहृतम् (vyāhṛtam) - spoken, uttered, declared

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāhṛta

vyāhṛta - spoken, uttered, declared

Past Passive Participle

root hṛ + upasargas vi + ā + kta suffix

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate, referring to the preceding quoted speech.

द्विजसंनिधौ (dvijasaṁnidhau) - in the presence of Brahmins

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvijasaṃnidhi

dvijasaṁnidhi - presence of Brahmins

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+saṃnidhi)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, bird, tooth), Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnidhi – nearness, presence
  noun (masculine)
  root dhā + upasarga sam + ni
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the collective group of Brahmins/sages.

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