वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-9, verse-19

तदवश्यं मया कार्यमृषीणां परिपालनम् ।
अनुक्तेनापि वैदेहि प्रतिज्ञाय तु किं पुनः ॥१९॥

19. tadavaśyaṃ mayā kāryamṛṣīṇāṃ paripālanam ,
anuktenāpi vaidehi pratijñāya tu kiṃ punaḥ.

19. tad avaśyam mayā kāryam ṛṣīṇām paripālanam
anuktena api vaidehi pratijñāya tu kim punaḥ

19. vaidehi ṛṣīṇām paripālanam mayā avaśyam
kāryam anuktena api pratijñāya tu kim punaḥ

19. Therefore, the protection of the sages must certainly be carried out by me. O Vaidehi, what more needs to be said, considering it has already been promised, even if it were unspoken?

Words meanings summery:

• तद् (tad) - therefore (that, therefore)

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, inevitably)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - must be done, duty (to be done, duty, work)

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages

• परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - protection (protection, preservation)

• अनुक्तेन (anuktena) - even if it were unspoken (by the unsaid, by that which is not spoken)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

• वैदेहि (vaidehi) - O Vaidehi (O Vaidehi (daughter of Videha, a name for Sita))

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - considering it has been promised (having promised)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, however)

• किम् (kim) - what (more)? (what? why?)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - more (in 'what more') (again, further, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

तद् (tad) - therefore (that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an indeclinable adverb meaning 'therefore'.

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, inevitably)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with a gerundive to express obligation.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

कार्यम् (kāryam) - must be done, duty (to be done, duty, work)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be performed; a duty, an action, work

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya (kṛ-ṇyat/yat) indicating obligation or fitness to be done.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses obligation.

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - protection (protection, preservation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paripālana

paripālana - protection, preservation, maintenance

action noun

Derived from the root √pāl (to protect) with prefix pari-, nominalized with -ana suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: It is the subject of the gerundive *kāryam*.

अनुक्तेन (anuktena) - even if it were unspoken (by the unsaid, by that which is not spoken)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anukta

anukta - unspoken, unsaid, untold

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac/uc (to speak) with negative prefix 'an-' and past passive participle suffix '-ta'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ukta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ukta – spoken, said, told
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vac (to speak) with past passive participle suffix -ta.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: It modifies an implied noun, acting adverbially.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

वैदेहि (vaidehi) - O Vaidehi (O Vaidehi (daughter of Videha, a name for Sita))

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - daughter of Videha, a name for Sita

Feminine derivative of 'videha' (belonging to Videha kingdom).

Note: Addressed to Sita.

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - considering it has been promised (having promised)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix prati-, and absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main action or contributing to the state.

तु (tu) - indeed, but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a slight contrast or emphasis.

किम् (kim) - what (more)? (what? why?)

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Often used idiomatically as 'what is the use' or 'what more'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - more (in 'what more') (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: In conjunction with *kim*, reinforces the rhetorical question 'what more is there to say?'.