वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-9, verse-14

बहुविघ्नं तपोनित्यं दुश्चरं चैव राघव ।
तेन शापं न मुञ्चामो भक्ष्यमाणाश्च राक्षसैः ॥१४॥

14. bahuvighnaṃ taponityaṃ duścaraṃ caiva rāghava ,
tena śāpaṃ na muñcāmo bhakṣyamāṇāśca rākṣasaiḥ.

14. bahu-vighnam tapaḥ nityam duścaram ca eva rāghava
tena śāpam na muñcāmaḥ bhakṣyamāṇāḥ ca rākṣasaiḥ

14. rāghava tapaḥ bahu-vighnam nityam ca eva duścaram.
tena rākṣasaiḥ bhakṣyamāṇāḥ ca śāpam na muñcāmaḥ.

14. O Raghava, asceticism (tapas) is always fraught with many obstacles and is indeed difficult to practice. Therefore, we do not unleash a curse, even when we are being devoured by the demons (rākṣasas).

Words meanings summery:

• बहुविघ्नम् (bahuvighnam) - full of many obstacles, greatly hindered

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance, austerity

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• दुश्चरम् (duścaram) - difficult to practice, hard to accomplish

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to Rama, a descendant of Raghu (O Raghava)

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, for that reason

• शापम् (śāpam) - curse

• न (na) - not

• मुञ्चामः (muñcāmaḥ) - we release, we let go

• भक्ष्यमाणाः (bhakṣyamāṇāḥ) - being devoured, being eaten

• च (ca) - and, even

• राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by the demons

Words meanings and morphology

बहुविघ्नम् (bahuvighnam) - full of many obstacles, greatly hindered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahuvighna

bahuvighna - having many obstacles, full of difficulties

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+vighna)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• vighna – obstacle, impediment, hindrance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism, penance, austerity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, austerity, heat

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - constant, perpetual, eternal, always

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'always'

दुश्चरम् (duścaram) - difficult to practice, hard to accomplish

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duścara

duścara - difficult to traverse, difficult to perform/practice

Derived from prefix dus- (difficult) and root √car (to move, practice)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (Upapada Tatpuruṣa) (dus+cara)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• cara – moving, practicing, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √car (to move)
  Root: √car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to Rama, a descendant of Raghu (O Raghava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Derived from Raghu with a patronymic suffix

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, for that reason

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शापम् (śāpam) - curse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

Derived from root √śap (to curse, to swear)

Root: √śap (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मुञ्चामः (muñcāmaḥ) - we release, we let go

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √muc

Present active

Present tense, 1st person plural, active voice

Root: √muc (class 6)

भक्ष्यमाणाः (bhakṣyamāṇāḥ) - being devoured, being eaten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhakṣyamāṇa

bhakṣyamāṇa - being eaten, being devoured

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of the causative of √bhakṣ (to eat)

Root: √bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'vayam' (we)

च (ca) - and, even

(indeclinable)

राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by the demons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

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