वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-9, verse-10

सर्वैरेव समागम्य वागियं समुदाहृता ।
राक्षसैर्दण्डकारण्ये बहुभिः कामरूपिभिः ।
अर्दिताः स्म भृशं राम भवान्नस्त्रातुमर्हति ॥१०॥

10. sarvaireva samāgamya vāgiyaṃ samudāhṛtā ,
rākṣasairdaṇḍakāraṇye bahubhiḥ kāmarūpibhiḥ ,
arditāḥ sma bhṛśaṃ rāma bhavānnastrātumarhati.

10. sarvaiḥ eva samāgamya vāk iyam
samudāhṛtā rākṣasaiḥ daṇḍakāraṇye
bahubhiḥ kāmarūpibhiḥ arditāḥ sma
bhṛśam rāma bhavān naḥ trātum arhati

10. eva sarvaiḥ samāgamya iyam vāk
samudāhṛtā rāma daṇḍakāraṇye bahubhiḥ
kāmarūpibhiḥ rākṣasaiḥ bhṛśam
arditāḥ sma bhavān naḥ trātum arhati

10. Then, all of them, having gathered together, uttered these words: 'O Rāma, we are severely tormented by numerous Rākṣasas in the Daṇḍaka forest, who can assume any form at will. You ought to protect us.'

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (the sages) (by all)

• एव (eva) - then, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• समागम्य (samāgamya) - having come together, having assembled

• वाक् (vāk) - these words (speech, word, voice)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• समुदाहृता (samudāhṛtā) - uttered, spoken, declared

• राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by Rākṣasas (demons)

• दण्डकारण्ये (daṇḍakāraṇye) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• कामरूपिभिः (kāmarūpibhiḥ) - by those assuming forms at will

• अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - tormented, afflicted, oppressed

• स्म (sma) - used with 'arditāḥ' to imply 'we have been tormented' (indeed, verily)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, severely

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• भवान् (bhavān) - You (Rāma) (you (honorific), sir)

• नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

• अर्हति (arhati) - you ought to (he ought, he is able, he deserves)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (the sages) (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agent of passive 'samudāhṛtā'.

एव (eva) - then, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

समागम्य (samāgamya) - having come together, having assembled

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root gam + upasargas sam + ā + ya suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action preceding the main verb.

वाक् (vāk) - these words (speech, word, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: Subject of 'samudāhṛtā'.

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Modifies 'vāk'.

समुदाहृता (samudāhṛtā) - uttered, spoken, declared

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - uttered, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

root hṛ + upasargas sam + ud + ā + kta suffix

Prefixes: sam+ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate for 'vāk'.

राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa, demon, monster

Note: Agent of 'arditāḥ'.

दण्डकारण्ये (daṇḍakāraṇye) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāraṇya

daṇḍakāraṇya - Daṇḍaka forest (proper noun for a specific forest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍaka+araṇya)

• daṇḍaka – name of a forest, name of a country
  proper noun (neuter)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the location where the Rākṣasas torment.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasaiḥ'.

कामरूपिभिः (kāmarūpibhiḥ) - by those assuming forms at will

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāmarūpin

kāmarūpin - assuming any shape at will, having desirable form

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+rūpa)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasaiḥ'.

अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - tormented, afflicted, oppressed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ardita

ardita - tormented, afflicted, distressed

Past Passive Participle

root ard + kta suffix

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Predicate.

स्म (sma) - used with 'arditāḥ' to imply 'we have been tormented' (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, severely

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'arditāḥ'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a deity and prince), pleasing, charming

Note: Address to Rāma.

भवान् (bhavān) - You (Rāma) (you (honorific), sir)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - your honor, sir (present participle used as honorific pronoun)

Present Active Participle

root bhū + śatṛ suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as an honorific pronoun, subject of 'arhati'.

नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form. Object of 'trātum'.

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect, to save

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

root trā + tumun suffix

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Used with 'arhati'.

अर्हति (arhati) - you ought to (he ought, he is able, he deserves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

root arh, 3rd person singular, present, active voice

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavān'.

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