वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-56, verse-12

सुकुमारी च बाला च नित्यं चादुःखदर्शिनी ।
मद्वियोगेन वैदेही व्यक्तं शोचति दुर्मनाः ॥१२॥

12. sukumārī ca bālā ca nityaṃ cāduḥkhadarśinī ,
madviyogena vaidehī vyaktaṃ śocati durmanāḥ.

12. sukumārī ca bālā ca nityam ca aduḥkhadarśinī
madviyogena vaidehī vyaktam śocati durmanāḥ

12. sukumārī ca bālā ca nityam aduḥkhadarśinī
vaidehī madviyogena vyaktam durmanāḥ śocati

12. Vaidehi, who is so delicate and young, and has always known no sorrow, is certainly grieving and distressed in mind because of her separation from me.

Words meanings summery:

• सुकुमारी (sukumārī) - very delicate, tender, soft

• च (ca) - and

• बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

• च (ca) - and

• अदुःखदर्शिनी (aduḥkhadarśinī) - never having seen sorrow, one who has not experienced suffering

• मद्वयोगेन (madvayogena) - by separation from me, due to my separation

• वैदेही (vaidehī) - Princess of Videha (Sita) (Vaidehi (Sita))

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, certainly, evidently

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sad, dejected

Words meanings and morphology

सुकुमारी (sukumārī) - very delicate, tender, soft

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sukumāra

sukumāra - very tender, delicate, graceful, charming

compound of 'su' (very, good) and 'kumāra' (tender, young, child); feminine form

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kumāra)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• kumāra – young, tender, child, boy
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'Vaidehī'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bāla - child, young, immature, girl

feminine form of bāla

Note: Qualifies 'Vaidehī'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

(indeclinable)

neuter accusative singular form used as an adverb

Note: Used adverbially

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अदुःखदर्शिनी (aduḥkhadarśinī) - never having seen sorrow, one who has not experienced suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aduḥkhadarśin

aduḥkhadarśin - one who has not seen or experienced sorrow/pain

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'a' (not) + 'duḥkha' (sorrow) + 'darśin' (seeing); feminine form

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+duḥkha+darśin)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, perceiving, knowing, showing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  derived from the root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Vaidehī'

मद्वयोगेन (madvayogena) - by separation from me, due to my separation

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madviyoga

madviyoga - separation from me

tatpuruṣa compound: 'mat' (my, from me) + 'viyoga' (separation)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+viyoga)

• mat – my, of me, from me
  pronoun
  ablative singular of 'asmad' (I/me), also used as a stem in compounds to mean 'my' or 'from me'
• viyoga – separation, disunion, absence
  noun (masculine)
  derived from the root yuj (to join) with prefix vi (apart)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Indicates cause or agent

वैदेही (vaidehī) - Princess of Videha (Sita) (Vaidehi (Sita))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - a princess of Videha, Sita

feminine form of vaideha (belonging to Videha)

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, certainly, evidently

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

derived from the root añj (to anoint, to manifest) with prefix vi; neuter accusative singular form used as an adverb

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Used adverbially

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

root of the first conjugation

Root: śuc (class 1)

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sad, dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - ill-minded, dejected, sad, distressed in mind

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'dur' (bad, ill) + 'manas' (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• manas – mind, intellect, spirit, heart
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'Vaidehī'