वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-46, verse-11

प्राकारेण परिक्षिप्ता पाण्डुरेण विराजिता ।
हेमकक्ष्या पुरी रम्या वैदूर्यमय तोरणा ॥११॥

11. prākāreṇa parikṣiptā pāṇḍureṇa virājitā ,
hemakakṣyā purī ramyā vaidūryamaya toraṇā.

11. prākāreṇa parikṣiptā pāṇḍureṇa virājitā
hemakakṣyā purī ramyā vaidūryamaya toraṇā

11. purī pāṇḍureṇa prākāreṇa parikṣiptā virājitā
ramyā hemakakṣyā vaidūryamaya toraṇā

11. The city is surrounded by a white rampart and adorned. It is beautiful, with golden enclosures and archways made of lapis lazuli.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राकारेण (prākāreṇa) - by a rampart, by a wall, by an enclosure

• परिक्षिप्ता (parikṣiptā) - surrounded, encircled, thrown around

• पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - by a white (rampart/wall)

• विराजिता (virājitā) - adorned, shining, splendid

• हेमकक्ष्या (hemakakṣyā) - having golden enclosures/girdles

• पुरी (purī) - city, town

• रम्या (ramyā) - delightful, beautiful, charming

• वैदूर्यमय (vaidūryamaya) - Describes the material of the gateways. (made of lapis lazuli, made of cat's eye gem)

• तोरणा (toraṇā) - archways, gateways

Words meanings and morphology

प्राकारेण (prākāreṇa) - by a rampart, by a wall, by an enclosure

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prākāra

prākāra - wall, rampart, enclosure

From pra-√kṛ (to do, make).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agent of 'surrounded'.

परिक्षिप्ता (parikṣiptā) - surrounded, encircled, thrown around

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parikṣipta

parikṣipta - surrounded, encircled, thrown around

Past Passive Participle

From pari-√kṣip (to throw around, cast around).

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with purī (implied from previous verse and context).

पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - by a white (rampart/wall)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍura

pāṇḍura - whitish, pale, white

Note: Agrees with prākāreṇa.

विराजिता (virājitā) - adorned, shining, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of virājita

virājita - adorned, embellished, splendid, shining

Past Passive Participle

From vi-√rāj (to shine forth, be splendid).

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with purī.

हेमकक्ष्या (hemakakṣyā) - having golden enclosures/girdles

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hemakakṣya

hemakakṣya - having golden girdles/enclosures/zones

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hema+kakṣyā)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• kakṣyā – girdle, belt, enclosure, zone
  noun (feminine)

Note: A bahuvrīhi compound describing the city (purī).

पुरी (purī) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

रम्या (ramyā) - delightful, beautiful, charming

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - delightful, beautiful, charming, lovely

Gerundive

From root ram (to delight, play).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with purī.

वैदूर्यमय (vaidūryamaya) - Describes the material of the gateways. (made of lapis lazuli, made of cat's eye gem)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaidūryamaya

vaidūryamaya - made of lapis lazuli, made of cat's eye gem

Formed with mayat suffix 'made of'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaidūrya+maya)

• vaidūrya – lapis lazuli, cat's eye gem
  noun (neuter)
• maya – made of
  suffix
  Suffix indicating 'made of' or 'consisting of'.

Note: Grammatically masculine/neuter, but semantically modifies 'toraṇā' (feminine). This could be an instance of irregular agreement or a loose descriptive phrase.

तोरणा (toraṇā) - archways, gateways

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of toraṇā

toraṇā - archway, gateway, portal

Feminine form of toraṇa (neuter), here interpreted as a noun 'gateways'.

Note: This feminine nominative singular noun stands for the city's gateways. The preceding 'vaidūryamaya' describes its material.

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