वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-46, verse-1

एवं ब्रुवत्यां सीतायां संरब्धः परुषाक्षरम् ।
ललाटे भ्रुकुटीं कृत्वा रावणः प्रत्युवाच ह ॥१॥

1. evaṃ bruvatyāṃ sītāyāṃ saṃrabdhaḥ paruṣākṣaram ,
lalāṭe bhrukuṭīṃ kṛtvā rāvaṇaḥ pratyuvāca ha.

1. evam bruvatyām sītāyām samrabdhaḥ paruṣākṣaram
lalāṭe bhrukuṭīm kṛtvā rāvaṇaḥ pratyuvāca ha

1. evam sītāyām bruvatyām (satyām) samrabdhaḥ rāvaṇaḥ
lalāṭe bhrukuṭīm kṛtvā paruṣākṣaram ha pratyuvāca

1. While Sītā was speaking thus, Rāvaṇa, enraged, furrowed his brow and indeed replied with harsh words.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• ब्रुवत्याम् (bruvatyām) - while speaking (speaking, saying (feminine))

• सीतायाम् (sītāyām) - while Sita (was speaking) (in Sita, on Sita)

• सम्रब्धः (samrabdhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, excited, agitated)

• परुषाक्षरम् (paruṣākṣaram) - with harsh words (with harsh words/syllables, harshly)

• ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on his forehead (on the forehead)

• भ्रुकुटीम् (bhrukuṭīm) - a frown (frown, furrowing of the brow)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having furrowed (having done, having made)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (Ravana (proper name))

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied (he replied, he answered)

• ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly (particle))

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'bruvatyām'.

ब्रुवत्याम् (bruvatyām) - while speaking (speaking, saying (feminine))

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root brū (to speak) with present participle suffix -at. Feminine locative singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sītāyām'.

सीतायाम् (sītāyām) - while Sita (was speaking) (in Sita, on Sita)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama, daughter of Janaka)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

सम्रब्धः (samrabdhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, excited, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, provoked, agitated, commenced, begun

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rabh (to seize, begin) with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Ravana.

परुषाक्षरम् (paruṣākṣaram) - with harsh words (with harsh words/syllables, harshly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣākṣara

paruṣākṣara - harsh-worded, with rough syllables

Compound type : karmadhāraya (paruṣa+akṣara)

• paruṣa – harsh, rough, cruel
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣara – syllable, letter, word
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on his forehead (on the forehead)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of lalāṭa

lalāṭa - forehead

Note: Location of the action 'kṛtvā bhrukuṭīm'.

भ्रुकुटीम् (bhrukuṭīm) - a frown (frown, furrowing of the brow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhrukuṭī

bhrukuṭī - a frown, knitting of the brows

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having furrowed (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (Ravana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king of Lanka)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied (he replied, he answered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativac

perfect tense

Perfect tense form of root vac (to speak) with upasarga prati-. 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Ravana.

ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly (particle))

(indeclinable)