वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-25, verse-13

दृष्ट्वैवापततस्तांस्तु राघवः सायकैः शितैः ।
तीक्ष्णाग्रैः प्रतिजग्राह संप्राप्तानतिथीनिव ॥१३॥

13. dṛṣṭvaivāpatatastāṃstu rāghavaḥ sāyakaiḥ śitaiḥ ,
tīkṣṇāgraiḥ pratijagrāha saṃprāptānatithīniva.

13. dṛṣṭvā eva āpatataḥ tān tu rāghavaḥ sāyakaiḥ śitaiḥ
tīkṣṇāgraiḥ pratijagrāha samprāptān atithīn iva

13. rāghavaḥ tān āpatataḥ dṛṣṭvā eva tu,
śitaiḥ tīkṣṇāgraiḥ sāyakaiḥ,
samprāptān atithīn iva pratijagrāha

13. Just as he saw them attacking, Rāghava (Rāma) met those approaching (demons) with sharp, keen-pointed arrows, as if (he were receiving) arriving guests.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, precisely, only

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - the demons attacking (attacking, falling upon, approaching)

• तान् (tān) - those (demons) (those)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma), son of Raghu

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

• तीक्ष्णाग्रैः (tīkṣṇāgraiḥ) - with sharp points

• प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - received, met, opposed

• सम्प्राप्तान् (samprāptān) - the demons who had arrived (arrived, approached)

• अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests

• इव (iva) - like, as if

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root dṛś with -tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, precisely, only

(indeclinable)

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - the demons attacking (attacking, falling upon, approaching)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - attacking, falling upon, approaching

present active participle

Derived from ā-pat, present stem, masculine, accusative plural

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tān.

तान् (tān) - those (demons) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the demons from the previous verse.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma), son of Raghu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rama

Patronymic from Raghu

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow

From root si (to bind) or so (to sharpen)

Root: si (class 4)

Note: Means by which Rāma acted.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, keen

past passive participle

From root śo (to sharpen)

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with sāyakaiḥ.

तीक्ष्णाग्रैः (tīkṣṇāgraiḥ) - with sharp points

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇāgra

tīkṣṇāgra - having sharp points, sharp-edged

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīkṣṇa+agra)

• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pungent, severe
  adjective (masculine)
• agra – tip, point, front, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with sāyakaiḥ.

प्रतिजग्राह (pratijagrāha) - received, met, opposed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prati-grah

perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person singular active parasmaipada of prati-grah

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सम्प्राप्तान् (samprāptān) - the demons who had arrived (arrived, approached)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, approached

past passive participle

From sam-pra-āp, masculine, accusative plural

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with atithīn.

अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, visitor

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)