वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-12, verse-5

एषा हि प्रकृतिः स्त्रीणामासृष्टे रघुनन्दन ।
समस्थमनुरज्यन्ते विषमस्थं त्यजन्ति च ॥५॥

5. eṣā hi prakṛtiḥ strīṇāmāsṛṣṭe raghunandana ,
samasthamanurajyante viṣamasthaṃ tyajanti ca.

5. eṣā hi prakṛtiḥ strīṇām āsṛṣṭe raghunandana
samastham anurajyante viṣamastham tyajanti ca

5. raghunandana eṣā hi āsṛṣṭe strīṇām prakṛtiḥ (asti)
(tāḥ) samastham anurajyante ca viṣamastham tyajanti

5. O scion of Raghu, this indeed is the intrinsic nature (prakṛti) of women from the very beginning of creation: they are attracted to those in favorable circumstances and abandon those in adverse circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine nominative singular)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - intrinsic nature (prakṛti) (nature, intrinsic nature (prakṛti), origin, source)

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• आसृष्टे (āsṛṣṭe) - from the very beginning of creation (from creation, since creation)

• रघुनन्दन (raghunandana) - O Rāma (as a descendant of Raghu) (O scion of Raghu, O delight of Raghu (vocative))

• समस्थम् (samastham) - those in favorable circumstances (those in a good/equal/favorable state; in prosperity)

• अनुरज्यन्ते (anurajyante) - they are attracted to (they are attached, they are devoted, they are pleased with)

• विषमस्थम् (viṣamastham) - those in adverse circumstances (those in an uneven/adverse state; in adversity)

• त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon, they forsake, they leave

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle emphasizing or explaining.

प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - intrinsic nature (prakṛti) (nature, intrinsic nature (prakṛti), origin, source)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature (prakṛti), origin, source, primary matter, essential form

Feminine noun. From pra + kṛ.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Feminine noun.

आसृष्टे (āsṛṣṭe) - from the very beginning of creation (from creation, since creation)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āsṛṣṭi

āsṛṣṭi - creation, origin, production

Feminine noun. Formed with prefix ā + root sṛj (to create) + kti suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sṛj (class 6)

रघुनन्दन (raghunandana) - O Rāma (as a descendant of Raghu) (O scion of Raghu, O delight of Raghu (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - scion of Raghu, delight of Raghu, descendant of Raghu

Masculine noun, compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – Raghu (name of an ancient king, ancestor of Rāma)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun.
• nandana – son, child, delighting, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  From root nand (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

समस्थम् (samastham) - those in favorable circumstances (those in a good/equal/favorable state; in prosperity)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samastha

samastha - standing together, being in an equal state, being in a good condition, prosperous, fortunate

Compound formed from 'sama' (equal, good) and 'stha' (standing, situated).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sama+stha)

• sama – equal, same, uniform, good, proper
  adjective (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Can be treated as an adverb 'in prosperity' or an accusative object 'those who are in prosperity'.

अनुरज्यन्ते (anurajyante) - they are attracted to (they are attached, they are devoted, they are pleased with)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of anurañj

Present tense, middle voice.

From root rañj (to color, delight) with prefix anu. 4th conjugation, ātmanepada (middle voice).

Prefix: anu

Root: rañj (class 4)

विषमस्थम् (viṣamastham) - those in adverse circumstances (those in an uneven/adverse state; in adversity)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣamastha

viṣamastha - being in a difficult/uneven state, adverse, unfortunate, perilous

Compound formed from 'viṣama' (uneven, difficult, adverse) and 'stha' (standing, situated).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viṣama+stha)

• viṣama – uneven, difficult, adverse, bad, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Similar to 'samastham', treated as an adverbial phrase or substantive.

त्यजन्ति (tyajanti) - they abandon, they forsake, they leave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present tense, active voice.

1st conjugation, parasmāipada (active voice).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

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