वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-83, verse-8

ततो गुहः संत्वरितः श्रुत्वा भरतशासनम् ।
प्रतिप्रविश्य नगरं तं ज्ञातिजनमब्रवीत् ॥८॥

8. tato guhaḥ saṃtvaritaḥ śrutvā bharataśāsanam ,
pratipraviśya nagaraṃ taṃ jñātijanamabravīt.

8. tataḥ guhaḥ saṃtvaritaḥ śrutvā bharataśāsanam
pratipraviśya nagaram tam jñātijanam abravīt

8. tataḥ guhaḥ bharataśāsanam śrutvā saṃtvaritaḥ
nagaram pratipraviśya tam jñātijanam abravīt

8. Then Guha, having heard Bharata's command, quickly re-entered the town and spoke to his kinsfolk.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha

• संत्वरितः (saṁtvaritaḥ) - acting swiftly (greatly hastened, hurried, agitated)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भरतशासनम् (bharataśāsanam) - Bharata's command/instruction

• प्रतिप्रविश्य (pratipraviśya) - having re-entered, having gone back into

• नगरम् (nagaram) - the town, city

• तम् (tam) - that, those

• ज्ञातिजनम् (jñātijanam) - kinsfolk, relatives

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guha

guha - Guha (proper name of the Nishada king)

संत्वरितः (saṁtvaritaḥ) - acting swiftly (greatly hastened, hurried, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtvarita

saṁtvarita - hastened, hurried, quick, agitated

Past Passive Participle

From verb root √tvar with prefix 'saṃ'

Prefix: sam

Root: tvar (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

भरतशासनम् (bharataśāsanam) - Bharata's command/instruction

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bharataśāsana

bharataśāsana - Bharata's command, Bharata's instruction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śāsana)

• bharata – Bharata (proper name, brother of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śāsana – command, order, instruction, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)

प्रतिप्रविश्य (pratipraviśya) - having re-entered, having gone back into

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root √viś with prefixes 'prati' and 'pra'

Prefixes: prati+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

नगरम् (nagaram) - the town, city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - town, city

तम् (tam) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine accusative singular

ज्ञातिजनम् (jñātijanam) - kinsfolk, relatives

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jñātijana

jñātijana - kinsfolk, relatives, family members

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāti+jana)

• jñāti – kinsman, relative
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect

3rd person singular, Imperfect, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

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