वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-83, verse-1

व्युष्य रात्रिं तु तत्रैव गङ्गाकूले स राघवः ।
भरतः काल्यमुत्थाय शत्रुघ्नमिदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vyuṣya rātriṃ tu tatraiva gaṅgākūle sa rāghavaḥ ,
bharataḥ kālyamutthāya śatrughnamidamabravīt.

1. vyuṣya rātrim tu tatra eva gaṅgākūle sa rāghavaḥ
bharataḥ kālyam utthāya śatrughnam idam abravīt

1. sa rāghavaḥ bharataḥ gaṅgākūle tatra eva rātrim
vyuṣya kālyam utthāya śatrughnam idam tu abravīt

1. After spending the night right there on the bank of the Gaṅgā, Bharata, a descendant of Raghu, rose early in the morning and said this to Shatrughna.

Words meanings summery:

• व्युष्य (vyuṣya) - having spent, having passed

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, and

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• गङ्गाकूले (gaṅgākūle) - on the bank of the Gaṅgā

• स (sa) - he, that

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - descendant of Raghu (referring to Bharata) (descendant of Raghu)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rāma) (Bharata)

• काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• शत्रुघ्नम् (śatrughnam) - to Shatrughna

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following speech) (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

व्युष्य (vyuṣya) - having spent, having passed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √uṣ (to burn, shine, spend time) with prefix vi- and suffix -ya (l-yap)

Prefix: vi

Root: uṣ (class 1)

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun tad + suffix -tra

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

गङ्गाकूले (gaṅgākūle) - on the bank of the Gaṅgā

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gaṅgākūla

gaṅgākūla - bank of the Gaṅgā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+kūla)

• gaṅgā – the river Gaṅgā
  proper noun (feminine)
• kūla – bank, shore, slope
  noun (neuter)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Sandhi form of saḥ

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - descendant of Raghu (referring to Bharata) (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; name of Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, Bharata, Śatrughna

A patronymic derived from Raghu

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rāma) (Bharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (a name); one who carries or supports

काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning

(indeclinable)

Derived from kāla (time)

Note: Used adverbially

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with prefix ud- and suffix -ya (l-yap)

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

शत्रुघ्नम् (śatrughnam) - to Shatrughna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Shatrughna (name of a brother of Rāma); killer of enemies

Compound of śatru (enemy) and ghna (killer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+ghna)

• śatru – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killer, destroyer (often as suffix)
  adjective
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following speech) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the following speech.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

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