वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-83, verse-20

नावश्चारुरुहुस्त्वन्ये प्लवैस्तेरुस्तथापरे ।
अन्ये कुम्भघटैस्तेरुरन्ये तेरुश्च बाहुभिः ॥२०॥

20. nāvaścāruruhustvanye plavaisterustathāpare ,
anye kumbhaghaṭaisteruranye teruśca bāhubhiḥ.

20. nāvaḥ ca āruruhuḥ tu anye plavaiḥ teruḥ tathā apare
anye kumbhaghaṭaiḥ teruḥ anye teruḥ ca bāhubhiḥ

20. anye nāvaḥ ca āruruhuḥ tu anye plavaiḥ teruḥ tathā
apare anye kumbhaghaṭaiḥ teruḥ ca anye bāhubhiḥ teruḥ

20. And some boarded boats, while others crossed with floats. Similarly, some others crossed with earthen pots, and still others swam across with their own arms.

Words meanings summery:

• नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats, ships

• च (ca) - and, also

• आरुरुहुः (āruruhuḥ) - they boarded (boats) (they ascended, they embarked, they mounted)

• तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• प्लवैः (plavaiḥ) - by floats, by rafts, by boats

• तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• अपरे (apare) - still others (others, subsequent ones)

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• कुम्भघटैः (kumbhaghaṭaiḥ) - using pots as flotation devices (by earthen pots, by jars)

• तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

• च (ca) - and, also

• बाहुभिः (bāhubhiḥ) - using their own arms to swim (by arms, with arms)

Words meanings and morphology

नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats, ships

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nau

nau - boat, ship, vessel

Note: Object of 'āruruhuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आरुरुहुः (āruruhuḥ) - they boarded (boats) (they ascended, they embarked, they mounted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect indicative (lit) of ruh

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural (reduplicated root)

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Subject for 'āruruhuḥ' and subsequent 'teruḥ' verbs.

प्लवैः (plavaiḥ) - by floats, by rafts, by boats

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of plava

plava - float, raft, boat, swimming

Derived from root plu (to float, swim)

Root: plu (class 1)

तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect indicative (lit) of tṛ

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural

Root: tṛ (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - still others (others, subsequent ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, later, western

Note: Often used in conjunction with 'anye' to mean 'some... others... still others'.

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

कुम्भघटैः (kumbhaghaṭaiḥ) - using pots as flotation devices (by earthen pots, by jars)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kumbhaghaṭa

kumbhaghaṭa - earthen pot, water jar

Compound type : dvandva/tatpuruṣa (kumbha+ghaṭa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher, water-jar
  noun (masculine)
• ghaṭa – pot, jar, pitcher
  noun (masculine)

तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect indicative (lit) of tṛ

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural

Root: tṛ (class 1)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

तेरुः (teruḥ) - they crossed, they swam (over)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect indicative (lit) of tṛ

Perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural

Root: tṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बाहुभिः (bāhubhiḥ) - using their own arms to swim (by arms, with arms)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

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