वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-19

तयोर्विलपितं श्रुत्वा व्यसनं चान्ववेक्ष्य तत् ।
भृशमार्ततरा भूयः सर्व एवानुगामिनः ॥१९॥

19. tayorvilapitaṃ śrutvā vyasanaṃ cānvavekṣya tat ,
bhṛśamārtatarā bhūyaḥ sarva evānugāminaḥ.

19. tayoḥ vilapitam śrutvā vyasanam ca anu-avekṣya
tat bhṛśam ārtatarā bhūyaḥ sarve eva anugāminaḥ

19. tayoḥ vilapitam śrutvā ca tat vyasanam anu-avekṣya
bhūyaḥ sarve eva anugāminaḥ bhṛśam ārtatarā

19. After hearing their lamentation and witnessing that distress, all the followers became even more profoundly grieved.

Words meanings summery:

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of both of them (referring to Shatrughna and Bharata) (of them, for them, their (dual))

• विलपितम् (vilapitam) - their lamentation (lamentation, weeping, wailing)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, listening to

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - that distress (misfortune, distress, calamity, addiction)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अनु-अवेक्ष्य (anu-avekṣya) - having witnessed (having observed, having looked at, having perceived)

• तत् (tat) - that (distress) (that, it)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - even more intensely (greatly, intensely, exceedingly, violently)

• आर्ततरा (ārtatarā) - more profoundly grieved (more distressed, more afflicted)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, once more

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the followers) (all, every, whole)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• अनुगामिनः (anugāminaḥ) - all the followers (followers, attendants, companions)

Words meanings and morphology

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of both of them (referring to Shatrughna and Bharata) (of them, for them, their (dual))

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विलपितम् (vilapitam) - their lamentation (lamentation, weeping, wailing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vilapita

vilapita - lamented, wailed; lamentation, wailing (as noun)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √lap with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, listening to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - that distress (misfortune, distress, calamity, addiction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, distress, calamity, adversity

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अनु-अवेक्ष्य (anu-avekṣya) - having witnessed (having observed, having looked at, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √īkṣ with prefixes anu- and ava-

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (distress) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'vyasanam' (neuter accusative singular).

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - even more intensely (greatly, intensely, exceedingly, violently)

(indeclinable)

आर्ततरा (ārtatarā) - more profoundly grieved (more distressed, more afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārtatara

ārtatara - more distressed, more afflicted (comparative of ārta)

Comparative degree

Formed by adding comparative suffix -tara to ārta (distressed)

Note: Agrees with 'anugāminaḥ' (masculine nominative plural).

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, once more

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the followers) (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Used pronominally, or as an adjective modifying 'anugāminaḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

अनुगामिनः (anugāminaḥ) - all the followers (followers, attendants, companions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anugāmin

anugāmin - follower, attendant, companion

Agent noun from anu-√gam

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

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