वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-18

हीनो भ्रात्रा च पित्रा च शून्यामिक्ष्वाकुपालिताम् ।
अयोध्यां न प्रवेक्ष्यामि प्रवेक्ष्यामि तपोवनम् ॥१८॥

18. hīno bhrātrā ca pitrā ca śūnyāmikṣvākupālitām ,
ayodhyāṃ na pravekṣyāmi pravekṣyāmi tapovanam.

18. hīnaḥ bhrātrā ca pitrā ca śūnyām ikṣvāku-pālitām
ayodhyām na pravekṣyāmi pravekṣyāmi tapo-vanam

18. bhrātrā ca pitrā ca hīnaḥ śūnyām ikṣvāku-pālitām
ayodhyām na pravekṣyāmi tapo-vanam pravekṣyāmi

18. Deprived of both my brother and my father, I will not enter Ayodhya, which is now empty, though it was formerly protected by the Ikshvakus. Instead, I will enter a hermitage (tapovana).

Words meanings summery:

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived (of brother and father) (deprived, destitute, devoid of, abandoned)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by my brother (by a brother, with a brother)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पित्रा (pitrā) - by my father (by a father, with a father)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• शून्याम् (śūnyām) - empty (Ayodhya) (empty, void, deserted, hollow)

• इक्ष्वाकु-पालिताम् (ikṣvāku-pālitām) - formerly protected by the Ikshvaku dynasty (protected or ruled by Ikṣvāku)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (name of a city))

• न (na) - not, no, neither

• प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I will enter, I shall go into

• प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I will enter, I shall go into

• तपो-वनम् (tapo-vanam) - a hermitage (tapovana) (hermitage, ascetic's grove, forest of penance)

Words meanings and morphology

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived (of brother and father) (deprived, destitute, devoid of, abandoned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, abandoned, deficient, inferior

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hā (to abandon, forsake)

Root: hā (class 3)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by my brother (by a brother, with a brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पित्रा (pitrā) - by my father (by a father, with a father)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

शून्याम् (śūnyām) - empty (Ayodhya) (empty, void, deserted, hollow)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, deserted, absent, null

Note: Agrees with Ayodhya (feminine accusative singular).

इक्ष्वाकु-पालिताम् (ikṣvāku-pālitām) - formerly protected by the Ikshvaku dynasty (protected or ruled by Ikṣvāku)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ikṣvāku-pālita

ikṣvāku-pālita - protected by Ikṣvāku

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (ikṣvāku+pālita)

• ikṣvāku – Ikṣvāku (name of a legendary king and dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pālita – protected, guarded, cherished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √pāl (to protect, guard)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with Ayodhya (feminine accusative singular).

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (name of a city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (the capital of Kosala, Rama's kingdom)

न (na) - not, no, neither

(indeclinable)

प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I will enter, I shall go into

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √viś

Future Active

First person singular, future tense, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I will enter, I shall go into

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √viś

Future Active

First person singular, future tense, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'I will enter... I will enter...'

तपो-वनम् (tapo-vanam) - a hermitage (tapovana) (hermitage, ascetic's grove, forest of penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapo-vana

tapo-vana - hermitage, a forest suitable for ascetic practices

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove, thicket
  noun (neuter)

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