वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-16

अवदारण काले तु पृथिवी नावदीर्यते ।
विहीना या त्वया राज्ञा धर्मज्ञेन महात्मना ॥१६॥

16. avadāraṇa kāle tu pṛthivī nāvadīryate ,
vihīnā yā tvayā rājñā dharmajñena mahātmanā.

16. avadāraṇakāle tu pṛthivī na avadīryate
vihīnā yā tvayā rājñā dharmajñena mahātmanā

16. tu avadāraṇakāle pṛthivī na avadīryate yā
tvayā rājñā dharmajñena mahātmanā vihīnā

16. But at this time of devastation (due to sorrow), the earth itself does not split open, this earth which is bereft of you, the king, the knower of natural law (dharma), the great-souled one (mahātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अवदारणकाले (avadāraṇakāle) - at the time of devastation/splitting

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth, ground

• न (na) - not

• अवदीर्यते (avadīryate) - is torn asunder, is split apart

• विहीना (vihīnā) - deprived of, abandoned by, devoid of

• या (yā) - who, which

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• धर्मज्ञेन (dharmajñena) - by the knower of natural law (dharma)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (mahātman)

Words meanings and morphology

अवदारणकाले (avadāraṇakāle) - at the time of devastation/splitting

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of avadāraṇakāla

avadāraṇakāla - time of splitting/devastation

compound: avadāraṇa (splitting) + kāla (time)

Compound type : tatpurusha (avadāraṇa+kāla)

• avadāraṇa – tearing asunder, splitting, breaking apart
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from ava- + √dṛ (to tear, split) in causative form
  Prefix: ava
  Root: dṛ (class 9)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

Note: Subject of 'avadīryate'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अवदीर्यते (avadīryate) - is torn asunder, is split apart

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of avadīryate

Present, Passive/Middle, 3rd person singular

from ava- + √dṛ (to tear, split) in passive/middle voice

Prefix: ava

Root: dṛ (class 9)

Note: Verb for 'pṛthivī'

विहीना (vihīnā) - deprived of, abandoned by, devoid of

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihīna

vihīna - deprived of, abandoned by, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

from vi- + √hā (to abandon, leave)

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivī'

या (yā) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'pṛthivī'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vihīnā'

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Agrees with 'tvayā' and 'mahātmanā' and 'dharmajñena' referring to Daśaratha.

धर्मज्ञेन (dharmajñena) - by the knower of natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous

compound: dharma (natural law) + jña (knower, from √jñā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  from √dhṛ (to support, uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective/suffix (masculine)
  from √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayā' and 'rājñā'

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (mahātman)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent (mahātman)

compound: mahā (great) + ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayā' and 'rājñā'