वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-32, verse-4

ये चैनमुपजीवन्ति रमते यैश्च वीर्यतः ।
तेषां बहुविधं दत्त्वा तानप्यत्र नियोजय ॥४॥

4. ye cainamupajīvanti ramate yaiśca vīryataḥ ,
teṣāṃ bahuvidhaṃ dattvā tānapyatra niyojaya.

4. ye ca enam upajīvanti ramate yaiḥ ca vīryataḥ
teṣām bahuvidham dattvā tān api atra niyojaya

4. And those who depend on him, and those through whose valor he himself takes delight, having given various gifts to them, employ them here as well.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - him (the prince) (him, this one)

• उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they depend on (him) (they live upon, they depend on, they subsist on)

• रमते (ramate) - he (the prince) takes delight (he delights, he takes pleasure, he enjoys)

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whose (valor) (by whom, by which)

• च (ca) - and, also

• वीर्यतः (vīryataḥ) - through (their) valor (by valor, through prowess, from strength)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (referring to 'ye' and 'yaiḥ') (to them, of them)

• बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - many kinds (of gifts) (various kinds, manifold)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• तान् (tān) - them (the people) (them, those)

• अपि (api) - as well (also, even)

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this deployment/expedition) (here, there, in this place, in this matter)

• नियोजय (niyojaya) - employ, appoint, assign

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

एनम् (enam) - him (the prince) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they depend on (him) (they live upon, they depend on, they subsist on)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv

From upa-√jīv.

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

रमते (ramate) - he (the prince) takes delight (he delights, he takes pleasure, he enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

From root ram.

Root: ram (class 1)

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whose (valor) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to the people. In sandhi yaiḥ ca becomes yaiś ca.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

वीर्यतः (vīryataḥ) - through (their) valor (by valor, through prowess, from strength)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (referring to 'ye' and 'yaiḥ') (to them, of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Genitive used as dative ("to them").

बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - many kinds (of gifts) (various kinds, manifold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - of many kinds, various, manifold

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root dā.

Root: dā (class 3)

तान् (tān) - them (the people) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अपि (api) - as well (also, even)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here (in this deployment/expedition) (here, there, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

adverb

नियोजय (niyojaya) - employ, appoint, assign

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of niyuj

Causative imperative 2nd singular from ni-√yuj.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

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