वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-32, verse-17

तानुवाच ततो राजा किंनिमित्तमिदं भयम् ।
ताश्चापि राज्ञा संपृष्टा वाक्यं प्रकृतयो ऽब्रुवन् ॥१७॥

17. tānuvāca tato rājā kiṃnimittamidaṃ bhayam ,
tāścāpi rājñā saṃpṛṣṭā vākyaṃ prakṛtayo'bruvan.

17. tān uvāca tataḥ rājā kimnimittam idam bhayam tāḥ
ca api rājñā sampṛṣṭāḥ vākyam prakṛtayaḥ abruvan

17. tataḥ rājā tān uvāca,
"idam bhayam kimnimittam?" ca api rājñā sampṛṣṭāḥ tāḥ prakṛtayaḥ vākyam abruvan

17. Then the king said to them, "What is the cause of this fear?" And they, the citizens (prakṛti), being questioned by the king, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - to them (the citizens) (them, those (masculine accusative plural))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• किम्निमित्तम् (kimnimittam) - what is the cause (what is the cause, for what reason)

• इदम् (idam) - this (fear) (this, this one (neuter nominative singular))

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, dread, danger)

• ताः (tāḥ) - they (the citizens) (they, those (feminine nominative plural))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• सम्पृष्टाः (sampṛṣṭāḥ) - being questioned (questioned, asked, interrogated)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (speech, word, statement, sentence)

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the citizens (prakṛti) (citizens, subjects, people, nature (prakṛti))

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said (they said, they spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - to them (the citizens) (them, those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to tad

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

किम्निमित्तम् (kimnimittam) - what is the cause (what is the cause, for what reason)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+nimitta)

• kim – what, who, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• nimitta – cause, reason, sign
  noun (neuter)

इदम् (idam) - this (fear) (this, this one (neuter nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, dread, danger)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

Root: bhī (class 3)

ताः (tāḥ) - they (the citizens) (they, those (feminine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

सम्पृष्टाः (sampṛṣṭāḥ) - being questioned (questioned, asked, interrogated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sampṛṣṭa

sampṛṣṭa - questioned, asked, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

from sam- (prefix) + praś (root 'to ask')

Prefix: sam

Root: praś (class 6)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (speech, word, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, statement, sentence

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the citizens (prakṛti) (citizens, subjects, people, nature (prakṛti))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, constituent elements, subjects, citizens

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Root: bru (class 2)