वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-32, verse-19

स तासां वचनं श्रुत्वा प्रकृतीनां नराधिप ।
तं तत्याजाहितं पुत्रं तासां प्रियचिकीर्षया ॥१९॥

19. sa tāsāṃ vacanaṃ śrutvā prakṛtīnāṃ narādhipa ,
taṃ tatyājāhitaṃ putraṃ tāsāṃ priyacikīrṣayā.

19. saḥ tāsām vacanam śrutvā prakṛtīnām narādhipa
tam tatyāja ahitam putram tāsām priyacikīrṣayā

19. narādhipa saḥ tāsām prakṛtīnām vacanam śrutvā
tāsām priyacikīrṣayā tam ahitam putram tatyāja

19. O king (narādhipa), upon hearing the words of those subjects (prakṛti), he abandoned that harmful son, wishing to do what was pleasing to them.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• तासाम् (tāsām) - of those, their

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• प्रकृतीनाम् (prakṛtīnām) - of those subjects (prakṛti) (of the subjects, of the people, of the essential elements of a state)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, ruler of men

• तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

• तत्याज (tatyāja) - he abandoned, gave up, renounced

• अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, unbeneficial, detrimental

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• तासाम् (tāsām) - for them, their

• प्रियचिकीर्षया (priyacikīrṣayā) - with the desire to do good, for the sake of pleasing, wishing to please

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तासाम् (tāsām) - of those, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, speech, statement, advice

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Indeclinable participle formed from the root 'śru' (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

प्रकृतीनाम् (prakṛtīnām) - of those subjects (prakṛti) (of the subjects, of the people, of the essential elements of a state)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, primordial matter, subjects (of a king), constituent elements of a state

From root 'kṛ' with upasarga 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्याज (tatyāja) - he abandoned, gave up, renounced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, unbeneficial, detrimental

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ahita

ahita - not beneficial, harmful, unfavorable, hostile

Compound 'a' (not) + 'hita' (beneficial)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, good, placed, kind
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhā' (to place) with 'hi' (to send)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

तासाम् (tāsām) - for them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रियचिकीर्षया (priyacikīrṣayā) - with the desire to do good, for the sake of pleasing, wishing to please

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of priyacikīrṣā

priyacikīrṣā - desire to do good/please, wish to do what is dear

Desiderative nominalization

Derived from desiderative of 'kṛ' (to do) prefixed with 'priya' (dear, pleasing)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (priya+cikīrṣā)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, wish to act
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative nominalization
  Derived from the desiderative form of the root 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)