वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-32, verse-12

कैकेयी द्विगुणं क्रुद्धा राजानमिदमब्रवीत् ।
तवैव वंशे सगरो ज्येष्ठं पुत्रमुपारुधत् ।
असमञ्ज इति ख्यातं तथायं गन्तुमर्हति ॥१२॥

12. kaikeyī dviguṇaṃ kruddhā rājānamidamabravīt ,
tavaiva vaṃśe sagaro jyeṣṭhaṃ putramupārudhat ,
asamañja iti khyātaṃ tathāyaṃ gantumarhati.

12. kaikeyī dviguṇam kruddhā rājānam idam
abravīt tava eva vaṃśe sagaraḥ
jyeṣṭham putram upārudhat asamañjaḥ
iti khyātam tathā ayam gantum arhati

12. kaikeyī dviguṇam kruddhā rājānam idam
abravīt tava eva vaṃśe sagaraḥ
jyeṣṭham asamañjaḥ iti khyātam putram
upārudhat tathā ayam gantum arhati

12. Kaikeyi, now twice as enraged, said this to the king: "Indeed, in your own lineage, Sagara banished his eldest son, known as Asamañja. In the same way, this one (Rama) should also go."

Words meanings summery:

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi (name of a queen)

• द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twice as (enraged) (doubly, twice as much)

• क्रुद्धा (kruddhā) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

• इदम् (idam) - this (word/statement) (this, this here)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (spoke, said, declared)

• तव (tava) - your (Daśaratha's) (your)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

• वंशे (vaṁśe) - in your own lineage (in the lineage, in the family)

• सगरः (sagaraḥ) - Sagara (a king's name)

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest (eldest, oldest, chief, best)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son (son, child)

• उपारुधत् (upārudhat) - banished (banished, obstructed, besieged, detained)

• असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - Asamañja (Sagara's son)

• इति (iti) - known as (thus, so, named)

• ख्यातम् (khyātam) - known (as Asamañja) (known, famous, celebrated)

• तथा (tathā) - in the same way, thus (so, thus, in that manner)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Rama) (this one)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, to move)

• अर्हति (arhati) - should (go) (should, is able, is proper, deserves)

Words meanings and morphology

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi (name of a queen)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi, daughter of the King of Kekaya, one of the three queens of Daśaratha

द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twice as (enraged) (doubly, twice as much)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - double, twofold, twice as much, of two qualities

Compound of 'dvi' (two) + 'guṇa' (fold/quality).

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiple, thread, string, virtue
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'kruddhā'.

क्रुद्धा (kruddhā) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (class 4, to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Kaikeyī.

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince, sovereign

इदम् (idam) - this (word/statement) (this, this here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (spoke, said, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: bru (class 2)

तव (tava) - your (Daśaratha's) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

वंशे (vaṁśe) - in your own lineage (in the lineage, in the family)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - lineage, family, race, dynasty, bamboo, flute

सगरः (sagaraḥ) - Sagara (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara, a famous ancient king of the Solar Dynasty

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest (eldest, oldest, chief, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, chief, best, senior

Superlative of vṛddha (old).

Note: Agrees with putram.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

उपारुधत् (upārudhat) - banished (banished, obstructed, besieged, detained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-rudh

From root rudh (class 7, to obstruct) with prefix upa. Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Prefix: upa

Root: rudh (class 7)

असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - Asamañja (Sagara's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamañja

asamañja - Asamañja, the eldest son of King Sagara, known for his wickedness

इति (iti) - known as (thus, so, named)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातम् (khyātam) - known (as Asamañja) (known, famous, celebrated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, celebrated, named, told

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā (class 2/4, to tell, relate).

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with putram.

तथा (tathā) - in the same way, thus (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Rama) (this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, to move)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root gam (class 1).

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - should (go) (should, is able, is proper, deserves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: arh (class 1)