वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-26, verse-5

पतिहीना तु या नारी न सा शक्ष्यति जीवितुम् ।
काममेवंविधं राम त्वया मम विदर्शितम् ॥५॥

5. patihīnā tu yā nārī na sā śakṣyati jīvitum ,
kāmamevaṃvidhaṃ rāma tvayā mama vidarśitam.

5. patihīnā tu yā nārī na sā śakṣyati jīvitum
kāmam evamvidham rāma tvayā mama vidarśitam

5. rāma yā patihīnā nārī tu sā jīvitum na śakṣyati
tvayā mama evamvidham kāmam vidarśitam

5. Indeed, a woman without her husband cannot survive. O Rāma, you have truly shown me such a fate.

Words meanings summery:

• पतिहीना (patihīnā) - husbandless, deprived of a husband

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• या (yā) - who, which

• नारी (nārī) - woman

• न (na) - not, no

• सा (sā) - she

• शक्ष्यति (śakṣyati) - will be able

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

• कामम् (kāmam) - acting as an adverb here, meaning 'truly' or 'certainly' (indeed, truly, certainly; desire)

• एवम्विधम् (evamvidham) - of this kind, such, thus

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• विदर्शितम् (vidarśitam) - shown, demonstrated, revealed

Words meanings and morphology

पतिहीना (patihīnā) - husbandless, deprived of a husband

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patihīna

patihīna - without a husband, destitute of a master

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pati+hīna)

• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)
• hīna – devoid of, deprived of, left, inferior
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verbal root √hā.
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of patihīna.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

या (yā) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

नारी (nārī) - woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

शक्ष्यति (śakṣyati) - will be able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed with -tum suffix.

Root: jīv (class 1)

कामम् (kāmam) - acting as an adverb here, meaning 'truly' or 'certainly' (indeed, truly, certainly; desire)

(indeclinable)

एवम्विधम् (evamvidham) - of this kind, such, thus

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of evamvidha

evamvidha - of this kind, such, thus

Compound type : karmadhāraya (evam+vidha)

• evam – thus, so, in this manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with the implied subject (fate, situation).

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a legendary king)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (singular)

Note: Used in the sense of 'shown to me'.

विदर्शितम् (vidarśitam) - shown, demonstrated, revealed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidarśita

vidarśita - shown, displayed, exhibited, revealed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verbal root √dṛś with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with the implied subject (fate, situation).

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