वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-26, verse-21

एवमुक्ता तु सा चिन्तां मैथिली समुपागता ।
स्नापयन्तीव गामुष्णैरश्रुभिर्नयनच्युतैः ॥२१॥

21. evamuktā tu sā cintāṃ maithilī samupāgatā ,
snāpayantīva gāmuṣṇairaśrubhirnayanacyutaiḥ.

21. evam uktā tu sā cintām maithilī samupāgatā
snāpayantī iva gām uṣṇaiḥ aśrubhiḥ nayanacyutaiḥ

21. sā maithilī evam uktā tu cintām samupāgatā
nayanacyutaiḥ uṣṇaiḥ aśrubhiḥ gām snāpayantī iva

21. Thus addressed, Maithili (Sita) became deeply distressed, as if bathing the earth with the hot tears falling from her eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ता (uktā) - having been spoken, said, addressed

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• चिन्ताम् (cintām) - worry, anxiety, thought

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (Sita, princess of Mithila)

• समुपागता (samupāgatā) - came into a state of worry (approached, reached, came into (a state))

• स्नापयन्ती (snāpayantī) - bathing, causing to bathe

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (the earth, cow)

• उष्णैः (uṣṇaiḥ) - with hot, with warm

• अश्रुभिः (aśrubhiḥ) - with tears

• नयनच्युतैः (nayanacyutaiḥ) - with tears fallen from the eyes

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्ता (uktā) - having been spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak), irregular past passive participle

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as part of a passive construction.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Sita.

चिन्ताम् (cintām) - worry, anxiety, thought

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, reflection, worry, anxiety

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Object of 'samupāgatā'.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (Sita, princess of Mithila)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - a woman from Mithila, princess of Mithila, Sita

Derived from 'Mithila' (name of a kingdom)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

समुपागता (samupāgatā) - came into a state of worry (approached, reached, came into (a state))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samupāgata

samupāgata - approached, arrived, come into possession of, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefixes sam, upa, ā. Feminine nominative singular.

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle acting as a verb here.

स्नापयन्ती (snāpayantī) - bathing, causing to bathe

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of snāpayant

snāpayant - bathing, causing to bathe, cleansing

Present Active Participle (Causative)

From causative of root snā (to bathe), feminine nominative singular.

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Used as an active participle, describing Sita's action.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

गाम् (gām) - the earth (the earth, cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of 'snāpayantī'.

उष्णैः (uṣṇaiḥ) - with hot, with warm

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, fiery

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'aśrubhiḥ'.

अश्रुभिः (aśrubhiḥ) - with tears

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of aśru

aśru - tear

Note: Instrument of 'snāpayantī'.

नयनच्युतैः (nayanacyutaiḥ) - with tears fallen from the eyes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nayanacyuta

nayanacyuta - fallen from the eyes

Compound type : tatpurusha (nayana+cyuta)

• nayana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  From root nī (to lead) + ana suffix
  Root: nī (class 1)
• cyuta – fallen, dropped, dislodged
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cyu (to move, fall)
  Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'aśrubhiḥ'.