वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-26, verse-1

एतत्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा सीता रामस्य दुःखिता ।
प्रसक्ताश्रुमुखी मन्दमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. etattu vacanaṃ śrutvā sītā rāmasya duḥkhitā ,
prasaktāśrumukhī mandamidaṃ vacanamabravīt.

1. etat tu vacanam śrutvā sītā rāmasya duḥkhitā
prasaktāśrumukhī mandam idam vacanam abravīt

1. sītā duḥkhitā prasaktāśrumukhī rāmasya etat
vacanam śrutvā mandam idam vacanam abravīt

1. Hearing these words of Rāma, Sītā, distressed, her face streaming with tears, slowly spoke this statement.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (statement/word) (this, this one)

• तु (tu) - indeed, further (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, words (word, speech, statement, command)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā (Sītā (name of Rāma's wife))

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed, saddened (distressed, saddened, unhappy)

• प्रसक्ताश्रुमुखी (prasaktāśrumukhī) - with a face streaming with tears

• मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (slowly, gently, softly)

• इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this, this one)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she spoke, uttered (he/she spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (statement/word) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etat

idam - this, that

From pronoun 'idam'. 'etat' is the neuter nominative/accusative singular form.

Note: Adjective to 'vacanam'.

तु (tu) - indeed, further (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, words (word, speech, statement, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying, command

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root 'śru' + suffix 'tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Gerund form.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā (Sītā (name of Rāma's wife))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of the daughter of Janaka and wife of Rāma, personification of the furrow)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa), pleasant, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Connected to 'vacanam' (Rāma's statement) or 'duḥkhitā' (distressed on account of Rāma).

दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed, saddened (distressed, saddened, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, pained, unhappy, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'duḥkh' (to suffer, feel pain) + 'ita' suffix.

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

प्रसक्ताश्रुमुखी (prasaktāśrumukhī) - with a face streaming with tears

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasaktāśrumukhī

prasaktāśrumukhī - having a face on which tears flow constantly, with tear-stained face

Bahuvrīhi compound: prasakta (flowing) + aśru (tear) + mukhī (face).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (prasakta+aśru+mukha)

• prasakta – attached, engaged, flowing, clinging
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sañj' with 'pra-' prefix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• aśru – tear, teardrop
  noun (neuter)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (slowly, gently, softly)

(indeclinable)

Root: mand (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'abravīt'.

इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (near the speaker)

Note: Adjective to 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement, saying, command

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she spoke, uttered (he/she spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Past imperfect active 3rd singular

Root 'brū' (or 'vac') + augment 'a-' + imperfect ending.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

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