वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-2, verse-14

तस्य धर्मार्थविदुषो भावमाज्ञाय सर्वशः ।
ऊचुश्च मनसा ज्ञात्वा वृद्धं दशरथं नृपम् ॥१४॥

14. tasya dharmārthaviduṣo bhāvamājñāya sarvaśaḥ ,
ūcuśca manasā jñātvā vṛddhaṃ daśarathaṃ nṛpam.

14. tasya dharmārthaviduṣaḥ bhāvam ājñāya sarvaśaḥ
ūcuḥ ca manasā jñātvā vṛddham daśaratham nṛpam

14. Having completely understood the intention of that old king Daśaratha, who knew (dharma) and artha, and having comprehended it mentally, they spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (referring to King Daśaratha) (his, of him, of that)

• धर्मार्थविदुषः (dharmārthaviduṣaḥ) - of him who is knowledgeable in (dharma) and artha (statecraft, wealth) (of him who knows (dharma) and material prosperity/purpose)

• भावम् (bhāvam) - the intention (of the king) (intention, disposition, state of mind, mood)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having perceived

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said

• च (ca) - and, also

• मनसा (manasā) - with the mind, mentally

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - the old (king) (old, aged, grown)

• दशरथम् (daśaratham) - Daśaratha (proper name)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king, to the king

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him (referring to King Daśaratha) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मार्थविदुषः (dharmārthaviduṣaḥ) - of him who is knowledgeable in (dharma) and artha (statecraft, wealth) (of him who knows (dharma) and material prosperity/purpose)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmārthaviduṣ

dharmārthaviduṣ - knower of (dharma) and artha (wealth/purpose/politics)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+viduṣ)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, political economy
  noun (masculine)
• viduṣ – knowing, wise, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Perfect Active Participle
  Perfect active participle of root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

भावम् (bhāvam) - the intention (of the king) (intention, disposition, state of mind, mood)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state of being, existence, feeling, disposition, intention

From root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from prefix ā- with root jñā (to know).

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, in every way

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + -śaḥ (adverbial suffix)

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मनसा (manasā) - with the mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Root: man (class 4)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - the old (king) (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

दशरथम् (daśaratham) - Daśaratha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (name of Rama's father)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king, to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

From nṛ (man) + pa (protector, ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

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