वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-2, verse-10

तं चन्द्रमिव पुष्येण युक्तं धर्मभृतां वरम् ।
यौवराज्येन योक्तास्मि प्रीतः पुरुषपुंगवम् ॥१०॥

10. taṃ candramiva puṣyeṇa yuktaṃ dharmabhṛtāṃ varam ,
yauvarājyena yoktāsmi prītaḥ puruṣapuṃgavam.

10. tam candram iva puṣyeṇa yuktam dharmabhṛtām varam
yauvarājyena yoktā asmi prītaḥ puruṣapuṃgavam

10. prītaḥ aham dharmabhṛtām varam,
puṣyeṇa yuktam candram iva,
tam puruṣapuṃgavam yauvarājyena yoktā asmi

10. Pleased, I shall appoint him, that best of men (puruṣa) and foremost among the upholders of natural law (dharma), who is like the moon conjoined with the Puṣya constellation, to the position of crown prince (yauvarājya).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

• चन्द्रम् (candram) - moon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पुष्येण (puṣyeṇa) - by Puṣya (a lunar mansion)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - joined, united, endowed with

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma), of the righteous

• वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, superior

• यौवराज्येन (yauvarājyena) - by or with the office of crown prince/heir-apparent

• योक्ता (yoktā) - I shall appoint (when used with 'asmi') (one who appoints/joins; I shall appoint (periphrastic future))

• अस्मि (asmi) - Used with 'yoktā' to form a periphrastic future tense, meaning 'I shall appoint'. (I am)

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

• पुरुषपुंगवम् (puruṣapuṁgavam) - the best of men (puruṣa), eminent man

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चन्द्रम् (candram) - moon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon; shining, brilliant

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पुष्येण (puṣyeṇa) - by Puṣya (a lunar mansion)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puṣya

puṣya - Puṣya (name of a lunar mansion, also a flower); nourishing, thriving

युक्तम् (yuktam) - joined, united, endowed with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, connected, endowed with, intent on

Past Passive Participle

Root yuj + past passive participle suffix

Root: yuj (class 7)

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma), of the righteous

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of dharma, righteous

Compound of dharma and bhṛt (bearing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting, upholding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhṛ
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon

यौवराज्येन (yauvarājyena) - by or with the office of crown prince/heir-apparent

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yauvarājya

yauvarājya - office/dignity of heir-apparent or crown prince

Derived from yuvarāja (crown prince)

योक्ता (yoktā) - I shall appoint (when used with 'asmi') (one who appoints/joins; I shall appoint (periphrastic future))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoktṛ

yoktṛ - yoker, harnesser, joiner, appointer

Agent noun (future passive participle also possible, but context suggests agent)

Root yuj + tṛc suffix; often forms periphrastic future with 'as'

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used here as part of a periphrastic future with 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - Used with 'yoktā' to form a periphrastic future tense, meaning 'I shall appoint'. (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used to form the periphrastic future tense with agent nouns ending in -tṛ.

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, beloved, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Root prī + past passive participle suffix

Root: prī (class 9)

पुरुषपुंगवम् (puruṣapuṁgavam) - the best of men (puruṣa), eminent man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣapuṃgava

puruṣapuṁgava - best of men, eminent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+puṃgava)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being; spirit, cosmic person
  noun (masculine)
• puṃgava – bull; chief, eminent, best
  noun (masculine)