वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-48, verse-20

साधु साध्विति देवास्तामहल्यां समपूजयन् ।
तपोबलविशुद्धाङ्गीं गौतमस्य वशानुगाम् ॥२०॥

20. sādhu sādhviti devāstāmahalyāṃ samapūjayan ,
tapobalaviśuddhāṅgīṃ gautamasya vaśānugām.

20. sādhu sādhu iti devāḥ tām ahalyām samapūjayan
tapobalaviśuddhāṅgīm gautamasya vaśānugām

20. devāḥ sādhu sādhu iti tām ahalyām
tapobalaviśuddhāṅgīm gautamasya vaśānugām samapūjayan

20. The gods exclaimed "Excellent! Excellent!" and honored Ahalya, whose body had been purified by the power of her asceticism (tapas) and who was obedient to Gautama's will.

Words meanings summery:

• साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent, well done

• साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent, well done

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• ताम् (tām) - Ahalya (her)

• अहल्याम् (ahalyām) - Ahalya

• समपूजयन् (samapūjayan) - they worshipped, they honored

• तपोबलविशुद्धाङ्गीम् (tapobalaviśuddhāṅgīm) - whose body was purified by the power of asceticism (tapas)

• गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of Gautama

• वशानुगाम् (vaśānugām) - obedient to the will of, submissive to

Words meanings and morphology

साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent, well done

(indeclinable)

from root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Exclamatory word.

साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent, well done

(indeclinable)

from root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Exclamatory word.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

from root div (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of samapūjayan.

ताम् (tām) - Ahalya (her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to Ahalya.

अहल्याम् (ahalyām) - Ahalya

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ahalya

ahalya - Ahalya (name of Gautama's wife)

a (not) + halya (ploughable), implying untouched or pure

Note: Object of samapūjayan.

समपूजयन् (samapūjayan) - they worshipped, they honored

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Imperfect tense

3rd plural Parasmaipada

Prefix: sam

Root: pūj (class 10)

तपोबलविशुद्धाङ्गीम् (tapobalaviśuddhāṅgīm) - whose body was purified by the power of asceticism (tapas)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapobalaviśuddhāṅgī

tapobalaviśuddhāṅgī - whose body is purified by the power of asceticism

feminine form of tapobalaviśuddhāṅga

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+bala+viśuddha+aṅga)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  from root tap (to heat, to suffer)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• bala – power, strength, force
  noun (neuter)
• viśuddha – purified, clean, spotless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-śudh (to purify) + kta
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śudh (class 4)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Ahalya.

गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of Gautama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - descendant of Gotama, a sage's name

derived from Gotama + a (patronymic affix)

Note: Possessive, related to vaśānugām.

वशानुगाम् (vaśānugām) - obedient to the will of, submissive to

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaśānuga

vaśānuga - following one's will, obedient, submissive

from vaśa (will, control) + anuga (following)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vaśa+anuga)

• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
  from root vaś (to wish, to control)
  Root: vaś (class 2)
• anuga – following, accompanying, obedient
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derived from root gam with prefix anu
  anu-gam + ḍa
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Ahalya.