वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-48, verse-15

सतुषारावृतां साभ्रां पूर्णचन्द्रप्रभामिव ।
मध्ये ऽम्भसो दुराधर्षां दीप्तां सूर्यप्रभामिव ॥१५॥

15. satuṣārāvṛtāṃ sābhrāṃ pūrṇacandraprabhāmiva ,
madhye'mbhaso durādharṣāṃ dīptāṃ sūryaprabhāmiva.

15. satuṣārāvṛtām sābhrām pūrṇacandraprabhām iva madhye
ambhasaḥ durādharṣām dīptām sūryaprabhām iva

15. satuṣārāvṛtām sābhrām pūrṇacandraprabhām iva madhye
ambhasaḥ durādharṣām dīptām sūryaprabhām iva

15. She was like the full moon's radiance, covered with frost and clouds. She was like the blazing radiance of the sun, unapproachable amidst waters.

Words meanings summery:

• सतुषारावृताम् (satuṣārāvṛtām) - covered with frost, enveloped by mist

• साभ्राम् (sābhrām) - covered with clouds, misty

• पूर्णचन्द्रप्रभाम् (pūrṇacandraprabhām) - having the radiance of the full moon

• इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, amidst

• अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water, of waters

• दुराधर्षाम् (durādharṣām) - difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining, blazing, resplendent

• सूर्यप्रभाम् (sūryaprabhām) - having the radiance of the sun

• इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

Words meanings and morphology

सतुषारावृताम् (satuṣārāvṛtām) - covered with frost, enveloped by mist

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satuṣārāvṛtā

satuṣārāvṛtā - covered with frost/dew, enveloped by mist

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'She who is covered (āvṛtā) with frost (tuṣāra).' 'sa' here means 'with'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+tuṣāra+āvṛtā)

• sa – with, accompanied by (prefix)
  indeclinable
• tuṣāra – frost, mist, cold
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)
• āvṛtā – covered, enveloped, surrounded
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā + vṛ (to cover) + kta. Feminine form.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

साभ्राम् (sābhrām) - covered with clouds, misty

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sābhrā

sābhrā - covered with clouds, having clouds

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'She who has clouds (abhra).' 'sa' here means 'with' or 'having'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+abhra)

• sa – with, accompanied by (prefix)
  indeclinable
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)
  Root: abh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

पूर्णचन्द्रप्रभाम् (pūrṇacandraprabhām) - having the radiance of the full moon

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūrṇacandraprabhā

pūrṇacandraprabhā - having the radiance of the full moon

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'she whose radiance (prabhā) is like the full moon (pūrṇacandra).'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrṇacandra+prabhā)

• pūrṇacandra – full moon
  noun (masculine)
  Compound pūrṇa (full) + candra (moon).
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance, effulgence
  noun (feminine)
  From pra + bhā (to shine).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, amidst

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center, midst, intermediary

Locative singular of madhya. Can also function as an indeclinable 'in the middle'.

अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water, of waters

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, fluid, sky, cloud

s-stem noun.

Root: ambh (class 1)

Note: Used with madhye.

दुराधर्षाम् (durādharṣām) - difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durādharṣā

durādharṣā - difficult to approach, unassailable, formidable, invincible

Gerundive

From dur (difficult) + ā + dhṛṣ (to be bold) + a (gerundive suffix). Feminine form.

Compound type : pra-ādi tatpuruṣa (dur+ādharṣa)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard (prefix)
  indeclinable
• ādharṣa – assailable, challengeable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From ā + dhṛṣ + a.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining, blazing, resplendent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīptā

dīptā - shining, blazing, radiant, splendid

Past Passive Participle

From root dīp (to shine) + kta. Feminine form.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

सूर्यप्रभाम् (sūryaprabhām) - having the radiance of the sun

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sūryaprabhā

sūryaprabhā - having the radiance of the sun

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'she whose radiance (prabhā) is like the sun (sūrya).'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sūrya+prabhā)

• sūrya – sun, solar deity
  noun (masculine)
  From root svar or sū.
  Root: sū (class 1)
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance, effulgence
  noun (feminine)
  From pra + bhā (to shine).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implicit Ahalya.

इव (iva) - as if, like, resembling

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison