वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-48, verse-12

विश्वामित्रवचः श्रुत्वा राघवः सहलक्ष्मणः ।
विश्वामित्रं पुरस्कृत्य आश्रमं प्रविवेश ह ॥१२॥

12. viśvāmitravacaḥ śrutvā rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ ,
viśvāmitraṃ puraskṛtya āśramaṃ praviveśa ha.

12. viśvāmitravacaḥ śrutvā rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ
viśvāmitram puraskṛtya āśramam praviveśa ha

12. rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ viśvāmitravacaḥ śrutvā
viśvāmitram puraskṛtya āśramam praviveśa ha

12. Having heard Viśvāmitra's words, Rāghava, accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa, placing Viśvāmitra at the forefront, entered the hermitage (āśrama) indeed.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रवचः (viśvāmitravacaḥ) - Viśvāmitra's word, speech of Viśvāmitra

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (Rāghava, descendant of Raghu)

• सहलक्स्मणः (sahalaksmaṇaḥ) - accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having put ahead

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - to the hermitage, dwelling place

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, a particle emphasizing a past event

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रवचः (viśvāmitravacaḥ) - Viśvāmitra's word, speech of Viśvāmitra

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśvāmitravacas

viśvāmitravacas - word/speech of Viśvāmitra

Tatpuruṣa compound of Viśvāmitra (proper noun) and vacas (word).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (viśvāmitra+vacas)

• viśvāmitra – Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, voice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Connects to 'praviveśa'.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (Rāghava, descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma

Derived from Raghu.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सहलक्स्मणः (sahalaksmaṇaḥ) - accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahalakṣmaṇa

sahalakṣmaṇa - accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa

Bahuvrīhi compound of saha (with) and Lakṣmaṇa (proper noun).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+lakṣmaṇa)

• saha – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rāma)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'rāghavaḥ'.

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

Note: Object of 'puraskṛtya'.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having put ahead

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from the root kṛ (to do) with puras (before) acting as a prefix.

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects to 'praviveśa'.

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - to the hermitage, dwelling place

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, dwelling, stage of life (āśrama)

From root śram (to toil, be weary) with upasarga ā- (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of motion for 'praviveśa'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of praviś

Perfect Tense

Root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra- (forth, into) in third person singular, perfect tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, a particle emphasizing a past event

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

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