वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-48, verse-10

इन्द्रस्तु मेषवृषणस्तदा प्रभृति राघव ।
गौतमस्य प्रभावेन तपसश्च महात्मनः ॥१०॥

10. indrastu meṣavṛṣaṇastadā prabhṛti rāghava ,
gautamasya prabhāvena tapasaśca mahātmanaḥ.

10. indraḥ tu meṣavṛṣaṇaḥ tadā prabhṛti rāghava
gautamasya prabhāveṇa tapasaḥ ca mahātmanaḥ

10. rāghava tadā prabhṛti indraḥ tu meṣavṛṣaṇaḥ
mahātmanaḥ gautamasya prabhāveṇa ca tapasaḥ (abhavat)

10. O descendant of Raghu (rāghava), from that time onwards, Indra became one whose testicles are those of a ram, due to the power and asceticism (tapas) of the great-souled Gautama.

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, moreover

• मेषवृषणः (meṣavṛṣaṇaḥ) - having ram's testicles, ram-testicled

• तदा (tadā) - from that time (in conjunction with prabhṛti) (then, at that time)

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, since, beginning with

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (O descendant of Raghu)

• गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of Gautama

• प्रभावेण (prabhāveṇa) - by the power, by the influence

• तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity, of asceticism (tapas)

• च (ca) - and

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Gautama) (of the great-souled one)

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra, king of the gods

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'became'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

मेषवृषणः (meṣavṛṣaṇaḥ) - having ram's testicles, ram-testicled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of meṣavṛṣaṇa

meṣavṛṣaṇa - having ram's testicles

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'one whose testicles (vṛṣaṇa) are those of a ram (meṣa)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (meṣa+vṛṣaṇa)

• meṣa – ram, sheep
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣaṇa – testicle, scrotum
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicative adjective for Indra.

तदा (tadā) - from that time (in conjunction with prabhṛti) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from, since, beginning with

(indeclinable)

From pra- + root bhṛ (to bear, carry), often used as an adverbial or postpositional particle.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Acts as a postposition with tadā to mean "from that time".

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāma (O descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma

Derived from Raghu, an ancient king of the Solar Dynasty.

Note: Refers to Rāma.

गौतमस्य (gautamasya) - of Gautama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (name of a sage)

Note: Possessive.

प्रभावेण (prabhāveṇa) - by the power, by the influence

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prabhāva

prabhāva - power, might, influence, majesty

From pra- + root bhū (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means.

तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity, of asceticism (tapas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, asceticism, heat, penance

Root tap (to heat, burn).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Related to 'gautamasya' and 'prabhāveṇa'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'prabhāveṇa' and 'tapasaḥ'.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Gautama) (of the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great being

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'gautamasya'.