वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-26, verse-17

तामसं नरशार्दूल सौमनं च महाबलम् ।
संवर्तं चैव दुर्धर्षं मौसलं च नृपात्मज ॥१७॥

17. tāmasaṃ naraśārdūla saumanaṃ ca mahābalam ,
saṃvartaṃ caiva durdharṣaṃ mausalaṃ ca nṛpātmaja.

17. tāmasam naraśārdūla saumanam ca mahābalam
saṃvartam ca eva durdharṣam mausalam ca nṛpātmaja

17. naraśārdūla nṛpātmaja tāmasam saumanam ca
mahābalam saṃvartam ca eva durdharṣam mausalam ca

17. O tiger among men, O prince, [receive] the Tamasa weapon, and the very powerful Saumana, and also the irresistible Samvarta, and the Mausala weapon.

Words meanings summery:

• तामसम् (tāmasam) - the Tamasa (dark/ignorant) weapon (dark, ignorant, belonging to tamas)

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men (vocative) (tiger among men, best of men)

• सौमनम् (saumanam) - the Saumana weapon (pleasant-minded, auspicious; relating to Soma/moon)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the very powerful (weapon) (very powerful, great strength)

• संवर्तम् (saṁvartam) - the Samvarta (destroying) weapon (destroying, causing universal destruction)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

• दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - the irresistible (weapon) (irresistible, invincible)

• मौसलम् (mausalam) - the Mausala (mace-like) weapon (mace-like, pertaining to a mace)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O prince (vocative) (son of a king, prince)

Words meanings and morphology

तामसम् (tāmasam) - the Tamasa (dark/ignorant) weapon (dark, ignorant, belonging to tamas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tāmasa

tāmasa - dark, ignorant, pertaining to tamas (a quality of nature (prakṛti))

Derived from 'tamas' (darkness, inertia) with 'aṇ' suffix

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men (vocative) (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, a great man

Tatpuruṣa compound (simile) of 'nara' and 'śārdūla'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

सौमनम् (saumanam) - the Saumana weapon (pleasant-minded, auspicious; relating to Soma/moon)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saumana

saumana - pleasant-minded, auspicious; relating to Soma, lunar

Derived from 'sumanas' (good-minded) or 'soma' (moon)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the very powerful (weapon) (very powerful, great strength)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, mighty, great strength

Karmadhāraya compound: 'mahat' (great) + 'bala' (power)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

संवर्तम् (saṁvartam) - the Samvarta (destroying) weapon (destroying, causing universal destruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃvarta

saṁvarta - rolling up, encompassing, universal destruction; cloud of destruction

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to turn) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

(indeclinable)

दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - the irresistible (weapon) (irresistible, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - difficult to attack, invincible, formidable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (kritya)

Compound 'dur' (difficult) + 'dharṣa' (to attack, from root 'dhṛṣ')

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

मौसलम् (mausalam) - the Mausala (mace-like) weapon (mace-like, pertaining to a mace)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mausala

mausala - pertaining to a mace (musala); mace-like

Derived from 'musala' (mace) with 'aṇ' suffix

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O prince (vocative) (son of a king, prince)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'nṛpa' (king) + 'ātmaja' (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector)
• ātmaja – self-born, son
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

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