वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-18, verse-17

अभिप्रेतमसंसक्तमात्मजं दातुमर्हसि ।
दशरात्रं हि यज्ञस्य रामं राजीवलोचनम् ॥१७॥

17. abhipretamasaṃsaktamātmajaṃ dātumarhasi ,
daśarātraṃ hi yajñasya rāmaṃ rājīvalocanam.

17. abhipretam asaṃsaktam ātmajam dātum arhasi
daśarātram hi yajñasya rāmam rājīvalocanam

17. hi tvam abhipretam asaṃsaktam ātmajam rājīvalocanam
rāmam yajñasya daśarātram dātum arhasi

17. Indeed, you ought to give your beloved, unattached (asaṃsaktam) son (ātmajam), the lotus-eyed Rāma, for the ten-night duration of the Vedic ritual (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• अभिप्रेतम् (abhipretam) - beloved (son) (desired, beloved, intended)

• असंसक्तम् (asaṁsaktam) - free from worldly attachments, or not to be withheld (unattached, unentangled, unhindered)

• आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - son, offspring

• दातुम् (dātum) - to give, to grant, to bestow, to offer

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve, you are worthy

• दशरात्रम् (daśarātram) - for ten nights, a period of ten nights

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• यज्ञस्य (yajñasya) - of the Vedic ritual (yajña), of the sacrifice

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (accusative)

• राजीवलोचनम् (rājīvalocanam) - lotus-eyed

Words meanings and morphology

अभिप्रेतम् (abhipretam) - beloved (son) (desired, beloved, intended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhipreta

abhipreta - desired, intended, beloved, aimed at, agreeable

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of abhi-pra-√i (to go towards, intend)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: √i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmajam' and 'rāmam'.

असंसक्तम् (asaṁsaktam) - free from worldly attachments, or not to be withheld (unattached, unentangled, unhindered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asaṃsakta

asaṁsakta - unattached, not clinging, unhindered, free from

Past Passive Participle

negative prefix 'a' + saṃsakta (Past Passive Participle of saṃ-√sañj 'to cling to, attach')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃsakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• saṃsakta – attached, clinging, connected, engaged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of saṃ-√sañj (to cling, attach)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √sañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmajam' and 'rāmam'.

आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - son, offspring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, offspring; born from oneself (ātman)

compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'ja' (born from), where 'ja' is derived from √jan (to be born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born from, produced from (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from the root √jan (to be born) + ḍa suffix
  Root: √jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dātum'.

दातुम् (dātum) - to give, to grant, to bestow, to offer

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of √dā

infinitive

infinitive form, from root √dā

Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Purpose infinitive.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve, you are worthy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √arh

present

present 2nd singular Parasmaipada

Root: √arh (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence, addressed to Daśaratha.

दशरात्रम् (daśarātram) - for ten nights, a period of ten nights

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśarātra

daśarātra - ten nights, a period of ten nights

compound of 'daśan' (ten) and 'rātra' (night)

Compound type : dvigu (daśan+rātra)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)
  derived from 'rātri' (night), often used as the final element in compounds denoting a period of nights

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

यज्ञस्य (yajñasya) - of the Vedic ritual (yajña), of the sacrifice

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, offering, worship (yajña)

from root √yaj (to worship, offer)

Root: √yaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'daśarātram'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), the seventh avatar of Vishnu

Note: Object of 'dātum'.

राजीवलोचनम् (rājīvalocanam) - lotus-eyed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājīvalocana

rājīvalocana - lotus-eyed, having eyes like a lotus

bahuvrīhi compound of 'rājīva' (blue water lily, lotus) and 'locana' (eye)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rājīva+locana)

• rājīva – blue water lily, lotus
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root √loc (to see) + ana suffix
  Root: √loc (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmajam' and 'rāmam'.