वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-18, verse-1

तच्छ्रुत्वा राजसिंहस्य वाक्यमद्भुतविस्तरम् ।
हृष्टरोमा महातेजा विश्वामित्रो ऽभ्यभाषत ॥१॥

1. tacchrutvā rājasiṃhasya vākyamadbhutavistaram ,
hṛṣṭaromā mahātejā viśvāmitro'bhyabhāṣata.

1. tat śrutvā rājasiṃhasya vākyam adbhutavistaram
hṛṣṭaromā mahātejāḥ viśvāmitraḥ abhyabhāṣata

1. (mahātejāḥ hṛṣṭaromā) viśvāmitraḥ rājasiṃhasya (adbhutavistaram) tat vākyam śrutvā,
abhyabhāṣata

1. Having heard that speech from the lion among kings, which was of amazing scope, the great and splendid Viśvāmitra, with his hair standing on end (in thrill), then spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• राजसिंहस्य (rājasiṁhasya) - of the lion among kings, of the best king

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, utterance, statement

• अद्भुतविस्तरम् (adbhutavistaram) - of amazing expanse/scope, wonderfully elaborate

• हृष्टरोमा (hṛṣṭaromā) - with hair standing on end (thrilled), whose hair is bristling

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - great in splendor, highly effulgent, greatly glorious

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - A revered Vedic sage (Viśvāmitra)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

राजसिंहस्य (rājasiṁhasya) - of the lion among kings, of the best king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājasiṃha

rājasiṁha - lion among kings, best of kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+siṃha)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, utterance, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, utterance, statement

अद्भुतविस्तरम् (adbhutavistaram) - of amazing expanse/scope, wonderfully elaborate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhutavistara

adbhutavistara - of amazing expanse/scope, wonderfully elaborate

Compound type : tatpurusha (adbhuta+vistara)

• adbhuta – wonderful, amazing, marvelous
  adjective (neuter)
• vistara – expanse, scope, detail, elaboration
  noun (masculine)

हृष्टरोमा (hṛṣṭaromā) - with hair standing on end (thrilled), whose hair is bristling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭaroman

hṛṣṭaroman - with hair standing on end, thrilled, excited

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛṣṭa+roman)

• hṛṣṭa – thrilled, excited, bristling (of hair)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛṣ (to thrill, to bristle).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• roman – hair on the body
  noun (neuter)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - great in splendor, highly effulgent, greatly glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great in splendor, highly effulgent, glorious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+tejas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• tejas – splendor, radiance, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - A revered Vedic sage (Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (proper name of a sage)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Imperfect (Laṅ) of abhbhāṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)