वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-17, verse-20

स चतुर्भिर्महाभागैः पुत्रैर्दशरथः प्रियैः ।
बभूव परमप्रीतो देवैरिव पितामहः ॥२०॥

20. sa caturbhirmahābhāgaiḥ putrairdaśarathaḥ priyaiḥ ,
babhūva paramaprīto devairiva pitāmahaḥ.

20. saḥ caturbhiḥ mahābhāgaiḥ putraiḥ daśarathaḥ
priyaiḥ babhūva paramaprītaḥ devaiḥ iva pitāmahaḥ

20. saḥ daśarathaḥ caturbhiḥ mahābhāgaiḥ priyaiḥ
putraiḥ devaiḥ iva pitāmahaḥ paramaprītaḥ babhūva

20. King Dasharatha, with his four greatly fortunate and beloved sons, became supremely pleased, just like Brahma (pitāmaha) with the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Dasharatha (he, that)

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four, with four

• महाभागैः (mahābhāgaiḥ) - by the greatly fortunate, with the highly esteemed

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons, with the sons

• दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Dasharatha (Dasharatha)

• प्रियैः (priyaiḥ) - by the beloved, with the dear ones

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - supremely pleased, extremely delighted

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, with the gods

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - referring to the creator god Brahma (grandfather, Brahma)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Dasharatha (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four, with four

(numeral)

Note: Agreeing with 'putraiḥ'.

महाभागैः (mahābhāgaiḥ) - by the greatly fortunate, with the highly esteemed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'putraiḥ'.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons, with the sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Dasharatha (Dasharatha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (name of a king, father of Rama)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśa+ratha)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

प्रियैः (priyaiḥ) - by the beloved, with the dear ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite

Note: Agreeing with 'putraiḥ'.

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - supremely pleased, extremely delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaprīta

paramaprīta - supremely pleased

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+prīta)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective
• prīta – pleased, delighted, loved
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root prī (to please, love)
  Root: prī (class 9)

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, with the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - referring to the creator god Brahma (grandfather, Brahma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather; Brahma