वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-11, verse-21

गतानां तु द्विजातीनां मन्त्रिणस्तान्नराधिपः ।
विसर्जयित्वा स्वं वेश्म प्रविवेश महाद्युतिः ॥२१॥

21. gatānāṃ tu dvijātīnāṃ mantriṇastānnarādhipaḥ ,
visarjayitvā svaṃ veśma praviveśa mahādyutiḥ.

21. gatānām tu dvijātīnām mantriṇaḥ tān narādhipaḥ
visarjayitvā svam veśma praviveśa mahādyutiḥ

21. tu dvijātīnām gatānām mahādyutiḥ narādhipaḥ
tān mantriṇaḥ visarjayitvā svam veśma praviveśa

21. But when those twice-born ones had departed, the greatly radiant king dismissed those ministers and entered his own house.

Words meanings summery:

• गतानाम् (gatānām) - of the departed [Brahmins] (of those who have gone, departed ones)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born ones (Brahmins) (of the twice-born, of Brahmins, of birds)

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers (accusative plural) (ministers (nominative plural), of a minister (genitive singular))

• तान् (tān) - those (ministers) (those (masculine plural accusative))

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - the king (king, lord of men)

• विसर्जयित्वा (visarjayitvā) - having dismissed (having dismissed, having sent away)

• स्वम् (svam) - his own (own (accusative singular neuter or masculine))

• वेश्म (veśma) - house (house, dwelling)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - the greatly radiant one (referring to the king) (greatly radiant, very brilliant)

Words meanings and morphology

गतानाम् (gatānām) - of the departed [Brahmins] (of those who have gone, departed ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam- with suffix -kta (ta)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a genitive absolute construction.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born ones (Brahmins) (of the twice-born, of Brahmins, of birds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (epithet for Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas; sometimes birds or teeth)

Compound: dvi (two) + jāta (born)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāta)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāta – born, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jan- with suffix -kta (ta)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used in a genitive absolute construction.

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers (accusative plural) (ministers (nominative plural), of a minister (genitive singular))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

From mantra + suffix -in

Root: man (class 4)

Note: `mantriṇaḥ` before `tān` becomes `mantriṇas tān` due to external sandhi.

तान् (tān) - those (ministers) (those (masculine plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to `mantriṇaḥ`.

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - the king (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound: nara (man) + adhipa (ruler)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विसर्जयित्वा (visarjayitvā) - having dismissed (having dismissed, having sent away)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sṛj- with prefix vi- and causative suffix -ay + suffix -tvā

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

स्वम् (svam) - his own (own (accusative singular neuter or masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Modifies 'veśma'.

वेश्म (veśma) - house (house, dwelling)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, abode

`n`-stem neuter noun.

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of pra-viś

Perfect tense, third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root viś- with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - the greatly radiant one (referring to the king) (greatly radiant, very brilliant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādyuti

mahādyuti - of great splendor, very brilliant, greatly radiant

Compound: mahā (great) + dyuti (splendor/radiance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+dyuti)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'narādhipaḥ'.

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