वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-11, verse-16

शक्यः कर्तुमयं यज्ञः सर्वेणापि महीक्षिता ।
नापराधो भवेत् कष्टो यद्यस्मिन् क्रतुसत्तमे ॥१६॥

16. śakyaḥ kartumayaṃ yajñaḥ sarveṇāpi mahīkṣitā ,
nāparādho bhavet kaṣṭo yadyasmin kratusattame.

16. śakyaḥ kartum ayam yajñaḥ sarveṇa api mahīkṣitā na
aparādhaḥ bhavet kaṣṭaḥ yadi asmin kratusattame

16. ayam yajñaḥ sarveṇa api mahīkṣitā kartum śakyaḥ
yadi asmin kratusattame kaṣṭaḥ aparādhaḥ na bhavet

16. This Vedic ritual (yajña) can be performed by any king. No difficult transgression would occur if it is performed in this excellent ritual (kratu).

Words meanings summery:

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able, possible, capable

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

• सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all, by everyone

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by a king, by an earth-ruler

• न (na) - not

• अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - transgression, offense, fault

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may happen, may be, would occur

• कष्टः (kaṣṭaḥ) - difficult, troublesome, painful, grave

• यदि (yadi) - if

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (masculine/neuter)

• क्रतुसत्तमे (kratusattame) - in the best of rituals, in this excellent ritual

Words meanings and morphology

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able, possible, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable, able

Gerundive

Derived from root śak- (to be able) with suffix -ya. Expresses capability or obligation.

Root: śak (class 5)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

From root yaj- (to worship, offer).

Root: yaj (class 1)

सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all, by everyone

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun.

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

Particle.

महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by a king, by an earth-ruler

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler of the earth

Compound formed from mahī (earth) and kṣit (ruling, dwelling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruling, dwelling; ruler, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi- (to rule, to dwell).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - transgression, offense, fault

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, transgression, crime

From prefix apa- and root rādh- (to succeed, accomplish, also to injure).

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 4)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may happen, may be, would occur

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular, Active Voice

Parasmaipada, Present tense, Optative mood.

Root: bhū (class 1)

कष्टः (kaṣṭaḥ) - difficult, troublesome, painful, grave

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, troublesome, painful, hard, grave

From root kaṣ- (to rub, trouble).

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

क्रतुसत्तमे (kratusattame) - in the best of rituals, in this excellent ritual

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kratusattama

kratusattama - best of rituals, excellent ritual

Compound: kratu (ritual) + sattama (best, excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kratu+sattama)

• kratu – ritual, sacrifice, power, intelligence
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good, existing).