मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-55, verse-15
वनैरमलपानीयैः सरोभिरुपशोभिताः ।
तासु पुण्यकृतां जन्म मनुष्याणां द्विजोत्तम ॥१५॥
तासु पुण्यकृतां जन्म मनुष्याणां द्विजोत्तम ॥१५॥
15. vanairamalapānīyaiḥ sarobhirupaśobhitāḥ .
tāsu puṇyakṛtāṃ janma manuṣyāṇāṃ dvijottama.
tāsu puṇyakṛtāṃ janma manuṣyāṇāṃ dvijottama.
15.
vanaiḥ amala-pānīyaiḥ sarobhiḥ upaśobhitāḥ
tāsu puṇyakṛtām janma manuṣyāṇām dvijottama
tāsu puṇyakṛtām janma manuṣyāṇām dvijottama
15.
They are adorned by forests, by pure waters, and by lakes. O best of the twice-born (dvija), in those (valleys) is the birth of virtuous human beings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वनैः (vanaiḥ) - by forests
- अमल-पानीयैः (amala-pānīyaiḥ) - by pure waters
- सरोभिः (sarobhiḥ) - by lakes
- उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - adorned, beautified (referring to the valleys) (adorned, beautified)
- तासु (tāsu) - in those (valleys) (in them (feminine plural locative))
- पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of virtuous ones (of those who do good deeds, of the virtuous)
- जन्म (janma) - birth (birth, existence, origin)
- मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of human beings (of human beings, of men)
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins! (dvija) (O best of the twice-born!)
Words meanings and morphology
वनैः (vanaiḥ) - by forests
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket; water; residence
Note: Agent of upaśobhitāḥ.
अमल-पानीयैः (amala-pānīyaiḥ) - by pure waters
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of amalapānīya
amalapānīya - having pure water, pure water
Compound type : karmadhāraya (amala+pānīya)
- amala – spotless, pure, clean, unstained
adjective
From a (not) + mala (dirt, stain). - pānīya – drinkable, potable; water
noun (neuter)
Gerundive / Potential Participle
From root √pā (to drink) + suffix -anīya, used here as a noun.
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Acts as an agent for upaśobhitāḥ.
सरोभिः (sarobhiḥ) - by lakes
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of saras
saras - lake, pond, pool; water
Root: sṛ (class 1)
Note: Agent of upaśobhitāḥ.
उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - adorned, beautified (referring to the valleys) (adorned, beautified)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of upaśobhita
upaśobhita - adorned, decorated, embellished, made beautiful
Past Passive Participle
From root √śubh (to shine, be beautiful) with upasarga upa (near, by, implying enhancing).
Prefix: upa
Root: śubh (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective for the implied subject (valleys).
तासु (tāsu) - in those (valleys) (in them (feminine plural locative))
(pronoun)
Locative, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Locative of place.
पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of virtuous ones (of those who do good deeds, of the virtuous)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakṛt
puṇyakṛt - doing good deeds, virtuous, meritorious
From puṇya (merit, good deed) + kṛt (doing, making).
Compound type : upapada (puṇya+kṛt)
- puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed; auspicious, pure
noun (neuter) - kṛt – doing, making, performing; maker, doer
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from √kṛ
Agent noun from root √kṛ (to do, make).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies manuṣyāṇām.
जन्म (janma) - birth (birth, existence, origin)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of janman
janman - birth, production, origin, existence; living being
From root √jan (to be born, produce) + suffix -man.
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the clause. Implied verb asti (is).
मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of human beings (of human beings, of men)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya
manuṣya - human, human being, man
From manus (Manu, progenitor of mankind) + ya (suffix).
Note: Possessive for janma.
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of Brahmins! (dvija) (O best of the twice-born!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (dvija), best of Brahmins
From dvija (twice-born) + uttama (best).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); bird; tooth
noun (masculine)
From dvi (twice) + jan (born).
Root: jan (class 4) - uttama – best, highest, principal, excellent
adjective
Superlative of praśasya (praise-worthy).
Note: Address to the listener.