मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-55, verse-14
इत्येते कथिता ब्रह्मन् मेरोरुत्तरतो नगाः ।
एतेषां पर्वतानान्तु द्रौण्योऽतीव मनोहराः ॥१४॥
एतेषां पर्वतानान्तु द्रौण्योऽतीव मनोहराः ॥१४॥
14. ityete kathitā brahman meroruttarato nagāḥ .
eteṣāṃ parvatānāntu drauṇyo'tīva manoharāḥ.
eteṣāṃ parvatānāntu drauṇyo'tīva manoharāḥ.
14.
iti ete kathitāḥ brahman meroḥ uttarataḥ nagāḥ
eteṣām parvatānām tu drauṇyaḥ atīva manoharāḥ
eteṣām parvatānām tu drauṇyaḥ atīva manoharāḥ
14.
O Brahmin, these mountains to the north of Meru have thus been enumerated. The valleys of these mountains are exceedingly charming.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)
- एते (ete) - these (mountains) (these (masculine plural nominative))
- कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - have been enumerated (spoken, enumerated, told)
- ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin! (vocative address) (O Brahmin!)
- मेरोः (meroḥ) - of Mount Meru (of Meru)
- उत्तरतः (uttarataḥ) - to the north (of Meru) (to the north, from the north)
- नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees (literally 'not moving'))
- एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (mountains) (of these (masculine plural genitive))
- पर्वतानाम् (parvatānām) - of these mountains (of mountains)
- तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the charm of the valleys) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- द्रौण्यः (drauṇyaḥ) - valleys (valleys, glens)
- अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very, highly)
- मनोहराः (manoharāḥ) - charming (charming, captivating, delightful)
Words meanings and morphology
इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - these (mountains) (these (masculine plural nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the mountains listed previously.
कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - have been enumerated (spoken, enumerated, told)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kathita
kathita - told, spoken, said, narrated, declared
Past Passive Participle
From root √kath (to speak, tell)
Root: kath (class 10)
ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin! (vocative address) (O Brahmin!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - Brahmin, one who knows the Absolute (brahman), the sacred word
मेरोः (meroḥ) - of Mount Meru (of Meru)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of meru
meru - name of a mythical mountain, the center of the universe
उत्तरतः (uttarataḥ) - to the north (of Meru) (to the north, from the north)
(indeclinable)
Formed with tatas suffix meaning 'from/to'.
नगाः (nagāḥ) - mountains (mountains, trees (literally 'not moving'))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of naga
naga - mountain, rock, hill; tree
From na (not) + ga (going/moving).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (na+ga)
- na – not, no
indeclinable - ga – going, moving; one who goes
noun/adjective (masculine)
derived from root gam
Agent noun from √gam.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Subject of the first clause, referring to the mountains just listed.
एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (mountains) (of these (masculine plural genitive))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Qualifies parvatānām.
पर्वतानाम् (parvatānām) - of these mountains (of mountains)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of parvata
parvata - mountain, hill
Note: Qualifies drauṇyaḥ (valleys of mountains).
तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the charm of the valleys) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
द्रौण्यः (drauṇyaḥ) - valleys (valleys, glens)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of drauṇi
drauṇi - valley, glen, hollow (often between mountains)
Derived from droṇa (a measure, a valley, trough).
Note: Subject of the second clause.
अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very, highly)
(indeclinable)
From ati (over, beyond) + īva (like, as if) or used as an adverb meaning 'very'.
Note: Intensifies manoharāḥ.
मनोहराः (manoharāḥ) - charming (charming, captivating, delightful)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of manohara
manohara - charming, attractive, captivating, delighting the mind
From manas (mind) + hara (taking, seizing).
Compound type : upapada (manas+hara)
- manas – mind, intellect, heart
noun (neuter)
Root: man (class 4) - hara – taking, seizing, carrying; charming
adjective/noun (masculine)
Present active participle from √hṛ
Agent noun from root √hṛ (to seize, carry, charm).
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective for drauṇyaḥ.