महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-52, verse-5

किमिदं वर्तते राजन्प्रयत्नेन परेण च ।
राजर्षे किमभिप्रेतं येनेयं कृष्यते क्षितिः ॥५॥

5. kimidaṁ vartate rājanprayatnena pareṇa ca ,
rājarṣe kimabhipretaṁ yeneyaṁ kṛṣyate kṣitiḥ.

5. kim idam vartate rājan prayatnena pareṇa ca |
rājarṣe kim abhipretam yena iyam kṛṣyate kṣitiḥ

5. he rājan he rājarṣe,
pareṇa prayatnena ca idam kim vartate iyam kṣitiḥ yena kṛṣyate,
kim abhipretam

5. "O King, O royal sage, what is this that you are doing with such extreme effort? What is your intention, by which this land is being ploughed?"

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what?

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, is being done

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - by effort, with exertion

• परेण (pareṇa) - by the supreme, by the extreme

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• राजर्षे (rājarṣe) - O royal sage

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अभिप्रेतम् (abhipretam) - intended, desired, meant

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - is being ploughed

• क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, land, soil

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, is being done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (Laṭ) of √vṛt

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - by effort, with exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, attempt, endeavor

परेण (pareṇa) - by the supreme, by the extreme

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, ultimate, highest, other, excellent, extreme

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

राजर्षे (rājarṣe) - O royal sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king who is also a sage

Compound of rājan (king) and ṛṣi (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer
  noun (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

अभिप्रेतम् (abhipretam) - intended, desired, meant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhipreta

abhipreta - intended, desired, meant, agreeable

Past Passive Participle

Formed from abhi-pra-√i (to intend, desire).

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: √i (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that (relative pronoun)

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

कृष्यते (kṛṣyate) - is being ploughed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (Laṭ) of √kṛṣ

Root: √kṛṣ (class 1)

क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, land, soil

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, land, soil, abode, dwelling