महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-52, verse-13

मानवा ये निराहारा देहं त्यक्ष्यन्त्यतन्द्रिताः ।
युधि वा निहताः सम्यगपि तिर्यग्गता नृप ॥१३॥

13. mānavā ye nirāhārā dehaṁ tyakṣyantyatandritāḥ ,
yudhi vā nihatāḥ samyagapi tiryaggatā nṛpa.

13. mānavāḥ ye nirāhārāḥ deham tyakṣyanti atandritāḥ
yudhi vā nihatāḥ samyak api tiryaggatāḥ nṛpa

13. nṛpa ye mānavāḥ nirāhārāḥ atandritāḥ deham
tyakṣyanti vā yudhi samyak nihatāḥ api tiryaggatāḥ

13. O king, those mortals who, fasting and diligently, abandon their bodies, or those who are properly slain in battle, and even those who have attained animal births (tiryaggatāḥ) [will go to heaven].

Words meanings summery:

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - mortals, human beings

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• निराहाराः (nirāhārāḥ) - without food, fasting

• देहम् (deham) - body

• त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will abandon

• अतन्द्रिताः (atandritāḥ) - diligent, not lazy

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• वा (vā) - or

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly

• अपि (api) - even, also

• तिर्यग्गताः (tiryaggatāḥ) - gone to animal births, born as animals, those of lowly birth

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - mortals, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human being, mortal, man

Derived from manu.

Note: Subject.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers back to mānavāḥ.

निराहाराः (nirāhārāḥ) - without food, fasting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirāhāra

nirāhāra - without food, fasting, abstinent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix for negation/absence.
• āhāra – food, diet, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies mānavāḥ/ye.

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Object of tyakṣyanti.

त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will abandon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future Active

3rd person plural, future active of root tyaj.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अतन्द्रिताः (atandritāḥ) - diligent, not lazy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atandrita

atandrita - diligent, not weary, alert

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'tandrita' (weary, lazy).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• tandrita – weary, lazy, tired
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'tand'.
  Root: tand (class 1)

Note: Modifies mānavāḥ/ye.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Place of action for nihatāḥ.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies mānavāḥ/ye.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies nihatāḥ.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

तिर्यग्गताः (tiryaggatāḥ) - gone to animal births, born as animals, those of lowly birth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tiryaggata

tiryaggata - gone obliquely, born as an animal, fallen into lower realms

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'tiryac' (obliquely, across) and 'gata' (gone).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tiryac+gata)

• tiryac – crosswise, horizontal, animal, beast
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, attained, become
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies mānavāḥ/ye (implied subject).

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Address to the royal sage.