महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-52, verse-15

ततस्तमभ्यनुज्ञाप्य प्रहृष्टेनान्तरात्मना ।
जगाम त्रिदिवं भूयः क्षिप्रं बलनिषूदनः ॥१५॥

15. tatastamabhyanujñāpya prahṛṣṭenāntarātmanā ,
jagāma tridivaṁ bhūyaḥ kṣipraṁ balaniṣūdanaḥ.

15. tataḥ tam abhyanujñāpya prahṛṣṭena antarātmanā
jagāma tridivam bhūyaḥ kṣipram balaniṣūdanaḥ

15. tataḥ balaniṣūdanaḥ prahṛṣṭena antarātmanā tam
abhyanujñāpya kṣipram bhūyaḥ tridivam jagāma

15. Then, the destroyer of Bala (Indra), having taken leave of him (Kuru) with a delighted inner self (ātman), quickly went back to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• तम् (tam) - him (King Kuru) (him, that)

• अभ्यनुज्ञाप्य (abhyanujñāpya) - having obtained permission, having taken leave

• प्रहृष्टेन (prahṛṣṭena) - by the delighted, by the joyful

• अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - by the inner self (ātman), by the innermost soul

• जगाम (jagāma) - went

• त्रिदिवम् (tridivam) - to heaven, to the third heaven

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• बलनिषूदनः (balaniṣūdanaḥ) - Indra, who defeated the asura Bala (destroyer of Bala)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (King Kuru) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

अभ्यनुज्ञाप्य (abhyanujñāpya) - having obtained permission, having taken leave

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root jñā (to know) with upasargas abhi and anu, and causal suffix -p, followed by -ya for the absolutive.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रहृष्टेन (prahṛṣṭena) - by the delighted, by the joyful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, happy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - by the inner self (ātman), by the innermost soul

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of antarātman

antarātman - inner self, soul, spirit (ātman)

Compound type : tatpurusha (antar+ātman)

• antar – inside, internal
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Declines like rājan.

जगाम (jagāma) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रिदिवम् (tridivam) - to heaven, to the third heaven

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tridiva

tridiva - heaven, the third heaven

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

बलनिषूदनः (balaniṣūdanaḥ) - Indra, who defeated the asura Bala (destroyer of Bala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balaniṣūdana

balaniṣūdana - destroyer of Bala

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+niṣūdana)

• bala – strength, power; name of an asura
  noun (masculine)
• niṣūdana – destroying, killing, destroyer
  adjective
  From root sūd- (to kill) with upasarga ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sūd (class 10)