महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-49, verse-8

कथं द्रक्ष्यामि कौन्तेयं सौभद्रे निहतेऽर्जुनम् ।
सुभद्रां वा महाभागां प्रियं पुत्रमपश्यतीम् ॥८॥

8. kathaṁ drakṣyāmi kaunteyaṁ saubhadre nihate'rjunam ,
subhadrāṁ vā mahābhāgāṁ priyaṁ putramapaśyatīm.

8. katham drakṣyāmi kaunteyam saubhadre nihate arjunam
subhadrām vā mahābhāgām priyam putram apaśyatīm

8. katham saubhadre nihate kaunteyam arjunam drakṣyāmi? vā
mahābhāgām priyam putram apaśyatīm subhadrām (drakṣyāmi)?

8. How shall I behold Arjuna, the son of Kuntī, with the son of Subhadrā (Saubhadra) having been slain? Or [how shall I see] the greatly blessed Subhadrā, unable to see her beloved son?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• द्रक्ष्यामि (drakṣyāmi) - I shall see, I will see

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna, the son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

• सौभद्रे (saubhadre) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā, in the context of his death ((when) the son of Subhadrā (has been killed))

• निहते (nihate) - having been killed, slain

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (proper name)

• सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (proper name)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• महाभागाम् (mahābhāgām) - highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• अपश्यतीम् (apaśyatīm) - not seeing, unable to see

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

द्रक्ष्यामि (drakṣyāmi) - I shall see, I will see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dṛś

Future Tense, 1st Person Singular, Active Voice

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The speaker is typically Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Sañjaya here, lamenting.

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Arjuna, the son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī

Patronymic from Kuntī

सौभद्रे (saubhadre) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā, in the context of his death ((when) the son of Subhadrā (has been killed))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā

Patronymic from Subhadrā

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'nihate'.

निहते (nihate) - having been killed, slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'saubhadre'.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of subhadrā

subhadrā - Subhadrā (proper name, sister of Kṛṣṇa, wife of Arjuna, mother of Abhimanyu)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Disjunctive particle.

महाभागाम् (mahābhāgām) - highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahābhāgā

mahābhāgā - highly fortunate, greatly blessed, illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'subhadrām'.

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite

Note: Agrees with 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

अपश्यतीम् (apaśyatīm) - not seeing, unable to see

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apaśyatī

apaśyatī - not seeing, unable to perceive

Present Active Participle

Feminine form of apaśyat (from root dṛś with prefix a-)

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'subhadrām'.