महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-49, verse-5

यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे ।
प्रभग्ना विनिवर्तन्ते कृतास्त्रा युद्धदुर्मदाः ॥५॥

5. yasya śūrā maheṣvāsāḥ pratyanīkagatā raṇe ,
prabhagnā vinivartante kṛtāstrā yuddhadurmadāḥ.

5. yasya śūrāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ pratyanīkagatāḥ raṇe
prabhagnāḥ vinivartante kṛtāstrāḥ yuddhadurmadāḥ

5. yasya maheṣvāsāḥ kṛtāstrāḥ yuddhadurmadāḥ śūrāḥ
pratyanīkagatāḥ raṇe prabhagnāḥ vinivartante

5. Whose mighty archer warriors, skilled in weaponry and formidable in battle, were routed and retreated when they faced him on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

• प्रत्यनीकगताः (pratyanīkagatāḥ) - gone to face the enemy, standing opposite the foe

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• प्रभग्नाः (prabhagnāḥ) - routed, completely broken, defeated

• विनिवर्तन्ते (vinivartante) - they retreat, they turn back

• कृतास्त्राः (kṛtāstrāḥ) - skilled in weapons, master archers

• युद्धदुर्मदाः (yuddhadurmadāḥ) - maddened by battle, difficult to subdue in battle, valorous in battle

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero, warrior

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a mighty bow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (literally 'one whose bow is an arrow' or 'one with great arrows')
  noun (masculine)

प्रत्यनीकगताः (pratyanīkagatāḥ) - gone to face the enemy, standing opposite the foe

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratyanīkagata

pratyanīkagata - gone to the opposite army, facing the foe

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratyanīka+gata)

• pratyanīka – opposite army, enemy
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: prati
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

प्रभग्नाः (prabhagnāḥ) - routed, completely broken, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prabhagna

prabhagna - broken, defeated, routed

Past Passive Participle

From root bhañj with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

विनिवर्तन्ते (vinivartante) - they retreat, they turn back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vinivart

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefixes vi- and ni-

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कृतास्त्राः (kṛtāstrāḥ) - skilled in weapons, master archers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - one who has mastered weapons, skilled in missiles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

युद्धदुर्मदाः (yuddhadurmadāḥ) - maddened by battle, difficult to subdue in battle, valorous in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - maddened by battle, intoxicated with fighting, irresistible in battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – maddened, arrogant, difficult to subdue
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)