महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-41, verse-5

ततस्तद्विमुखं दृष्ट्वा तव सूनोर्महद्बलम् ।
जामाता तव तेजस्वी विष्टम्भयिषुराद्रवत् ॥५॥

5. tatastadvimukhaṁ dṛṣṭvā tava sūnormahadbalam ,
jāmātā tava tejasvī viṣṭambhayiṣurādravat.

5. tataḥ tat vimukham dṛṣṭvā tava sūnoḥ mahat balam
jāmātā tava tejasvī viṣṭambhayiṣuḥ ā adravat

5. tataḥ tava sūnoḥ tat mahat vimukham balam dṛṣṭvā
tava jāmātā tejasvī viṣṭambhayiṣuḥ ā adravat

5. Thereupon, seeing that great army of your son turning away, your spirited son-in-law rushed forth, desiring to check (the retreat).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then (then, thence, afterwards)

• तत् (tat) - that (army) (that, it)

• विमुखम् (vimukham) - retreating, turning away (turned away, retreating, disheartened)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, yours)

• सूनोः (sūnoḥ) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

• जामाता (jāmātā) - son-in-law (Jayadratha) (son-in-law)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, yours)

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - spirited, glorious (brilliant, spirited, powerful)

• विष्टम्भयिषुः (viṣṭambhayiṣuḥ) - desiring to halt (the retreat) (desiring to halt, wishing to check, intending to support)

• आ (ā) - towards, here, hither (hither, towards, until, up to)

• अद्रवत् (adravat) - rushed forward (rushed, ran)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from tad.

तत् (tat) - that (army) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

विमुखम् (vimukham) - retreating, turning away (turned away, retreating, disheartened)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vimukha

vimukha - having the face turned away, averted; unwilling, disheartened, disappointed

Bahuvrīhi compound: vi (away) + mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – apart, asunder, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Personal pronoun, genitive singular.

Note: Possessive for 'sūnoḥ' and 'jāmātā'.

सूनोः (sūnoḥ) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūnu

sūnu - son, child

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Possessive for 'balam'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Present active participle from mah (to be great) but used as an adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, army, force

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

जामाता (jāmātā) - son-in-law (Jayadratha) (son-in-law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmātṛ

jāmātṛ - son-in-law

Note: Subject of 'ādravat'.

तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your, yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Personal pronoun, genitive singular.

Note: Possessive for 'jāmātā'.

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - spirited, glorious (brilliant, spirited, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - brilliant, spirited, energetic, glorious, powerful

From tejas (splendor, energy) + vin suffix (possessive).

Note: Qualifies 'jāmātā'.

विष्टम्भयिषुः (viṣṭambhayiṣuḥ) - desiring to halt (the retreat) (desiring to halt, wishing to check, intending to support)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṭambhayiṣu

viṣṭambhayiṣu - desiring to halt, intending to check, wishing to support

Desiderative Nomen Agentis

From desiderative stem of causative vi + stambh (to stop) + u suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: stambh (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'jāmātā'.

आ (ā) - towards, here, hither (hither, towards, until, up to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preverb for 'adravat'.

अद्रवत् (adravat) - rushed forward (rushed, ran)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

L-aṅ. From root dru.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'jāmātā'.