महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-41, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिरो भीमसेनः शिखण्डी सात्यकिर्यमौ ।
धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च सकेकयः ।
धृष्टकेतुश्च संरब्धो मत्स्याश्चान्वपतन्रणे ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhiro bhīmasenaḥ śikhaṇḍī sātyakiryamau ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca drupadaśca sakekayaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭaketuśca saṁrabdho matsyāścānvapatanraṇe.

3. sañjayaḥ uvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ bhīmasenaḥ
śikhaṇḍī sātyakiḥ yamau dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ
virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca sa-kekayaḥ dhṛṣṭaketuḥ
ca saṃrabdhaḥ matsyāḥ ca anu apatan raṇe

3. sañjayaḥ uvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ bhīmasenaḥ
śikhaṇḍī sātyakiḥ yamau dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ
virāṭaḥ ca drupadaḥ ca sa-kekayaḥ dhṛṣṭaketuḥ
ca saṃrabdhaḥ matsyāḥ ca raṇe anu apatan

3. Sanjaya said: Yudhishthira, Bhimasena, Shikhandi, Satyaki, the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva), Dhrishtadyumna, Virata, Drupada with the Kekayas, and the enraged Dhrishtaketu, along with the Matsyas, rushed into the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi (Shikhandi (proper name))

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Satyaki (Satyaki (proper name))

• यमौ (yamau) - the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva) (the two Yamas, twins)

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna (Dhrishtadyumna (proper name))

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virata (Virata (proper name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (Drupada (proper name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स-केकयः (sa-kekayaḥ) - Drupada with the Kekayas (with the Kekayas, including the Kekayas)

• धृष्टकेतुः (dhṛṣṭaketuḥ) - Dhrishtaketu (Dhrishtaketu (proper name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged (Dhrishtaketu) (enraged, agitated, furious)

• मत्स्याः (matsyāḥ) - the Matsyas (soldiers from the Matsya kingdom) (Matsyas (people of the Matsya kingdom))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अनु (anu) - towards, into (after, along, towards)

• अपतन् (apatan) - rushed (into battle) (fell, flew, rushed)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator of the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Liṭ. From root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Preceded by Sanjaya's name indicating a speech.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhishthira (the eldest Pandava)

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army, Bhimasena (the second Pandava)

Compound: bhīma (terrible) + senā (army).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject.

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhandi (Shikhandi (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - having a crest, Peacock-crested, Shikhandi (a warrior from the Pandava side)

From śikhaṇḍa (crest) + in suffix (possessive).

Note: Subject.

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Satyaki (Satyaki (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (a Yadava warrior and Krishna's charioteer)

Patronymic from Satyak.

Note: Subject.

यमौ (yamau) - the twin brothers (Nakula and Sahadeva) (the two Yamas, twins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yama

yama - twin, pair; Yama (god of death)

Note: Subject.

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna (Dhrishtadyumna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - having bold glory, Dhrishtadyumna (Draupadi's brother, commander of the Pandava army)

Compound: dhṛṣṭa (bold) + dyumna (glory).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold) + kta suffix.
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – glory, might, wealth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject.

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virata (Virata (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (king of Matsya, host of the Pandavas during their exile)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects list items.

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (Drupada (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (king of Panchala, father of Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects list items.

स-केकयः (sa-kekayaḥ) - Drupada with the Kekayas (with the Kekayas, including the Kekayas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-kekaya

sa-kekaya - with the Kekayas

Bahuvrīhi compound indicating 'one who is with Kekayas'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kekaya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment.
• kekaya – Kekaya (name of a people/country, or a prince from there)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for Drupada.

धृष्टकेतुः (dhṛṣṭaketuḥ) - Dhrishtaketu (Dhrishtaketu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭaketu

dhṛṣṭaketu - having a bold banner, Dhrishtaketu (king of the Chedis)

Compound: dhṛṣṭa (bold) + ketu (banner).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+ketu)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold) + kta suffix.
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects list items.

संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged (Dhrishtaketu) (enraged, agitated, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, agitated, furious, resolute

Past Passive Participle

From sam + rabh (to seize, to begin vigorously).

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Dhrishtaketu.

मत्स्याः (matsyāḥ) - the Matsyas (soldiers from the Matsya kingdom) (Matsyas (people of the Matsya kingdom))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish; name of a people/country (Matsya kingdom)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the last item in the list.

अनु (anu) - towards, into (after, along, towards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preverb for 'apatan'.

अपतन् (apatan) - rushed (into battle) (fell, flew, rushed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural.

L-aṅ. From root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The subjects are the listed warriors/groups.

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.