महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-37, verse-7

स पपात क्षितौ क्षीणः प्रविद्धाभरणाम्बरः ।
वायुनेव महाचैत्यः संभग्नोऽमिततेजसा ।
अनुगाश्चास्य वित्रस्ताः प्राद्रवन्सर्वतोदिशम् ॥७॥

7. sa papāta kṣitau kṣīṇaḥ praviddhābharaṇāmbaraḥ ,
vāyuneva mahācaityaḥ saṁbhagno'mitatejasā ,
anugāścāsya vitrastāḥ prādravansarvatodiśam.

7. sa papāta kṣitau kṣīṇaḥ praviddhābharaṇāmbaraḥ
vāyunā iva mahācaityaḥ
saṃbhagnaḥ amitatejasā anugāḥ ca asya
vitrastāḥ prādravan sarvataḥ diśam

7. saḥ kṣīṇaḥ praviddhābharaṇāmbaraḥ
kṣitau papāta vāyunā amitatejasā
saṃbhagnaḥ mahācaityaḥ iva asya anugāḥ
ca vitrastāḥ sarvataḥ diśam prādravan

7. He, weakened and with his ornaments and clothes scattered, fell to the ground, like a great tree shattered by a powerful wind or an immense force. His terrified followers also fled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (the opponent, implied from context) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• पपात (papāta) - he fell (he fell, he flew down)

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• क्षीणः (kṣīṇaḥ) - weakened, destroyed (emaciated, weakened, exhausted, destroyed, diminished)

• प्रविद्धाभरणाम्बरः (praviddhābharaṇāmbaraḥ) - with ornaments and clothes scattered (having scattered ornaments and clothes, whose ornaments and clothes are pierced/scattered)

• वायुना (vāyunā) - by the wind

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• महाचैत्यः (mahācaityaḥ) - a great tree (a great tree, a great monument, a great stupa)

• संभग्नः (saṁbhagnaḥ) - shattered, broken (broken, shattered, destroyed)

• अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - by immense power (or a great force like a hurricane) (by immense power, by unlimited energy, by boundless splendor)

• अनुगाः (anugāḥ) - followers (followers, attendants)

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the fallen opponent) (of him, his, of this)

• वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened)

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled (they fled, they ran away)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in all directions (from all sides, everywhere, in all directions)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (the opponent, implied from context) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular form of tad.

Note: Refers to the opponent who was being attacked by Abhimanyu.

पपात (papāta) - he fell (he fell, he flew down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect 3rd person singular active voice

Root pat (I), perfect (liṭ), active voice (parasmaipada), 3rd person singular.

Root: pat (class 0)

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, abode, destruction

From root kṣi (to dwell, to destroy).

Root: kṣi (class 0)

क्षीणः (kṣīṇaḥ) - weakened, destroyed (emaciated, weakened, exhausted, destroyed, diminished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇa

kṣīṇa - diminished, wasted, destroyed, exhausted, slender

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣi (to decay, to destroy, to rule).

Root: kṣi (class 0)

प्रविद्धाभरणाम्बरः (praviddhābharaṇāmbaraḥ) - with ornaments and clothes scattered (having scattered ornaments and clothes, whose ornaments and clothes are pierced/scattered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviddhābharaṇāmbara

praviddhābharaṇāmbara - having scattered or pierced ornaments and garments

Bahuvrīhi compound. praviddha (PPP of pra-vidh) + ābharaṇa + ambara.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (praviddha+ābharaṇa+ambara)

• praviddha – pierced, struck, scattered, thrown away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vidh (to pierce, strike) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vidh (class 0)
• ābharaṇa – ornament, decoration, jewelry
  noun (neuter)
  From ā-bhṛ (to bear, to wear).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhṛ (class 0)
• ambara – garment, clothes, sky
  noun (neuter)

वायुना (vāyunā) - by the wind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, god of wind

u-stem masculine instrumental singular.

Root: vā (class 0)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

महाचैत्यः (mahācaityaḥ) - a great tree (a great tree, a great monument, a great stupa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahācaitya

mahācaitya - great tree, great monument/stupa, great sacred fig tree

Compound of mahā and caitya.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+caitya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  From mahat (great).
• caitya – sacred tree, monument, stupa, shrine
  noun (masculine)
  From ci (to pile up).
  Root: ci (class 0)

संभग्नः (saṁbhagnaḥ) - shattered, broken (broken, shattered, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhagna

saṁbhagna - broken, shattered, crushed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root bhañj (to break) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhañj (class 0)

अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - by immense power (or a great force like a hurricane) (by immense power, by unlimited energy, by boundless splendor)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of boundless energy, of immense power, possessing unlimited splendor

Compound of amita (unmeasured) and tejas (splendor, power).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+tejas)

• amita – unmeasured, unlimited, immense, boundless
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with prefix a (negation).
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 0)
• tejas – splendor, light, energy, power, valor
  noun (neuter)
  Root tij (to be sharp).
  Root: tij (class 0)

Note: Used here in instrumental to specify 'by immense power,' which can refer to the wind's power.

अनुगाः (anugāḥ) - followers (followers, attendants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anuga

anuga - going after, follower, attendant

Compound of anu (after) and ga (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anu+ga)

• anu – after, along, following
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root gam (to go) + ḍa suffix.
  Root: gam (class 0)

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the fallen opponent) (of him, his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

idam declension.

वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vitrasta

vitrasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

From root tras (to tremble, fear) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 0)

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled (they fled, they ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-dru

Imperfect 3rd person plural active voice

Root dru (I), imperfect (laṅ), active voice (parasmaipada), 3rd person plural, with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 0)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in all directions (from all sides, everywhere, in all directions)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from sarva with tasil suffix.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

ś-stem feminine accusative singular.

Root: diś (class 0)