महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-37, verse-3

मद्रेशं सादितं दृष्ट्वा सौभाद्रेणाशुगै रणे ।
शल्यादवरजः क्रुद्धः किरन्बाणान्समभ्ययात् ॥३॥

3. madreśaṁ sāditaṁ dṛṣṭvā saubhādreṇāśugai raṇe ,
śalyādavarajaḥ kruddhaḥ kiranbāṇānsamabhyayāt.

3. madreśam sāditaṃ dṛṣṭvā saubhādreṇa āśugaiḥ raṇe
| śalyāt avarajaḥ kruddhaḥ kiran bāṇān samabhyayāt

3. madreśam saubhādreṇa āśugaiḥ raṇe sāditaṃ dṛṣṭvā
śalyāt avarajaḥ kruddhaḥ bāṇān kiran samabhyayāt

3. Having seen the king of Madras struck down in battle by the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu) with swift-flying arrows, Śalya's younger brother, enraged and showering arrows, rushed towards him.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रेशम् (madreśam) - the king of Madras

• सादितं (sāditaṁ) - struck down, defeated, humbled

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सौभाद्रेण (saubhādreṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by the son of Subhadrā)

• आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with arrows (with swift-flying, with arrows (literally, "swift-goers"))

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• शल्यात् (śalyāt) - from Śalya

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - Śalya's younger brother (younger brother, born after)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

• किरन् (kiran) - showering (arrows) (scattering, showering, throwing)

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• समभ्ययात् (samabhyayāt) - he rushed towards, attacked, approached

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रेशम् (madreśam) - the king of Madras

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madreśa

madreśa - king of the Madras, ruler of the Madras

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+īśa)

• madra – name of a country and its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of the participle sāditaṃ.

सादितं (sāditaṁ) - struck down, defeated, humbled

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with madreśam.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś with ktvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as "having seen".

सौभाद्रेण (saubhādreṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by the son of Subhadrā)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saubhādra

saubhādra - son of Subhadrā

Patronymic from subhadrā.

Note: Agent of sāditaṃ.

आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - with arrows (with swift-flying, with arrows (literally, "swift-goers"))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśuga

āśuga - swift-going, quick-moving; an arrow

From āśu (swift) + ga (going).

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśu+ga)

• āśu – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
  Root: aś
• ga – going, moving; one who goes
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root gam with ḍa suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes the instrument used by Saubhādra.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

शल्यात् (śalyāt) - from Śalya

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of the king of Madras, here refers to the brother)

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - Śalya's younger brother (younger brother, born after)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - born after, younger (brother)

From ava + raj (to be born).

Prefix: ava

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of samabhyayāt.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with avarajaḥ.

किरन् (kiran) - showering (arrows) (scattering, showering, throwing)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with avarajaḥ.

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Root: bāṇ

Note: Object of kiran.

समभ्ययात् (samabhyayāt) - he rushed towards, attacked, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect form of i with prefixes sam and abhi.

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: i (class 2)