महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-37, verse-23

अवाकिरद्रथानीकं भारद्वाजस्य पश्यतः ।
ततस्तत्सैन्यमभवद्विमुखं शरपीडितम् ॥२३॥

23. avākiradrathānīkaṁ bhāradvājasya paśyataḥ ,
tatastatsainyamabhavadvimukhaṁ śarapīḍitam.

23. avākirat rathānīkam bhāradvājasya paśyataḥ
tataḥ tat sainyam abhavat vimukham śarapīḍitam

23. bhāradvājasya paśyataḥ rathānīkam avākirat
tataḥ tat sainyam śarapīḍitam vimukham abhavat

23. (He) showered Bhāradvāja's (Droṇa's) chariot army, as (Droṇa) watched. Then, that army became disheartened and tormented by arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - Refers to Abhimanyu showering arrows. (he showered, he scattered)

• रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - Refers to Droṇa's chariot army. (chariot army, host of chariots)

• भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - Refers to Droṇa, the son of Bharadvāja. (of Bhāradvāja)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - While Bhāradvāja (Droṇa) was watching. (watching, seeing)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the chariot army (rathānīkam). (that)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - Refers to the Kaurava army. (army)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

• विमुखम् (vimukham) - The army became disheartened. (discomfited, turned away, disheartened, facing away)

• शरपीडितम् (śarapīḍitam) - tormented by arrows, distressed by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - Refers to Abhimanyu showering arrows. (he showered, he scattered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect 3rd Singular

root kṛ (class 6) with prefix ava; imperfect tense (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - Refers to Droṇa's chariot army. (chariot army, host of chariots)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathānīka

rathānīka - chariot army, host of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+anīka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

भारद्वाजस्य (bhāradvājasya) - Refers to Droṇa, the son of Bharadvāja. (of Bhāradvāja)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja, son of Bharadvāja

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - While Bhāradvāja (Droṇa) was watching. (watching, seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - watching, seeing

Present Active Participle

root dṛś (class 1) which becomes paśya- in present tense, with present participle suffix -at

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the chariot army (rathānīkam). (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - Refers to the Kaurava army. (army)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect 3rd Singular

root bhū (class 1); imperfect tense (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

विमुखम् (vimukham) - The army became disheartened. (discomfited, turned away, disheartened, facing away)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vimukha

vimukha - having the face averted, turned away; averted; discomfited, disheartened

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `sainyam`.

शरपीडितम् (śarapīḍitam) - tormented by arrows, distressed by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarapīḍita

śarapīḍita - tormented by arrows, afflicted by arrows

Past Passive Participle

Compound of śara (arrow) and pīḍita (afflicted, past passive participle of root pīḍ)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+pīḍita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, distressed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root pīḍ (class 10)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `sainyam`.