महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-151, verse-4

स दीर्घकालाध्युषितं पूर्ववैरमनुस्मरन् ।
विज्ञायैतन्निशायुद्धं जिघांसुर्भीममाहवे ॥४॥

4. sa dīrghakālādhyuṣitaṁ pūrvavairamanusmaran ,
vijñāyaitanniśāyuddhaṁ jighāṁsurbhīmamāhave.

4. saḥ dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣitam pūrva-vairam anusmaran
| vijñāya etan niśā-yuddham jighāṃsuḥ bhīmam āhave

4. saḥ dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣitam pūrva-vairam anusmaran etan
niśā-yuddham vijñāya āhave bhīmam jighāṃsuḥ (abhyavartata)

4. Remembering his old enmity, which had long endured, and understanding that this was a night battle, he desired to kill Bhīma in the fight.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Alāyudha (he)

• दीर्घ-काल-अध्युषितम् (dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣitam) - which had endured for a long time (long-endured, inhabited for a long time)

• पूर्व-वैरम् (pūrva-vairam) - former enmity, old hostility

• अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recollecting

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having known, having understood

• एतन् (etan) - this

• निशा-युद्धम् (niśā-yuddham) - night battle

• जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the fight

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Alāyudha (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

दीर्घ-काल-अध्युषितम् (dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣitam) - which had endured for a long time (long-endured, inhabited for a long time)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣita

dīrgha-kāla-adhyuṣita - long-endured, having dwelled for a long time

Past Passive Participle

Compound adjective formed from dīrgha-kāla (long time) and adhyuṣita (dwelled in, endured)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dīrgha+kāla+adhyuṣita)

• dīrgha – long
  adjective (neuter)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• adhyuṣita – inhabited, dwelled in, endured
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vas (to dwell) with prefix adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pūrva-vairam.

पूर्व-वैरम् (pūrva-vairam) - former enmity, old hostility

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrva-vaira

pūrva-vaira - former enmity, old hostility

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+vaira)

• pūrva – former, prior, old, first
  adjective (neuter)
• vaira – enmity, hostility, hatred
  noun (neuter)

अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recollecting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusmarat

smṛ - to remember, to recollect

Present Active Participle

From the root smṛ (to remember) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: smṛ (class 1)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From the root jñā (to know) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

एतन् (etan) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

निशा-युद्धम् (niśā-yuddham) - night battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niśā-yuddha

niśā-yuddha - night battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+yuddha)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)

जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - desiring to kill

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desiring to kill, murderous

Desiderative nominal agent

Derived from the desiderative stem of the root han (to kill) with the suffix -u

Root: han (class 2)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, fight, encounter, war