महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-151, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तस्मिंस्तथा वर्तमाने कर्णराक्षसयोर्मृधे ।
अलायुधो राक्षसेन्द्रो वीर्यवानभ्यवर्तत ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tasmiṁstathā vartamāne karṇarākṣasayormṛdhe ,
alāyudho rākṣasendro vīryavānabhyavartata.

1. sañjaya uvāca | tasmin tathā vartamāne karṇa-rākṣasayoḥ
mṛdhe | alāyudhaḥ rākṣasendraḥ vīryavān abhyavartata

1. sañjaya uvāca tasmin karṇa-rākṣasayoḥ mṛdhe tathā
vartamāne vīryavān rākṣasendraḥ alāyudhaḥ abhyavartata

1. Sañjaya said: While that battle was thus ongoing between Karṇa and the Rākṣasa, Alāyudha, the powerful chief of the Rākṣasas, advanced.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that battle (in that, while that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while that battle was ongoing (while going on, happening, existing)

• कर्ण-राक्षसयोः (karṇa-rākṣasayoḥ) - of Karṇa and the demon (of Karṇa and the Rākṣasa)

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in the fight

• अलायुधः (alāyudhaḥ) - Alāyudha

• राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - chief of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - advanced, approached

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that battle (in that, while that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the implied battle (yuddhe/mṛdhe).

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while that battle was ongoing (while going on, happening, existing)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, going on

Present Active Participle

From the root vṛt (to be, exist, turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tasmin' (referring to the battle).

कर्ण-राक्षसयोः (karṇa-rākṣasayoḥ) - of Karṇa and the demon (of Karṇa and the Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of karṇa-rākṣasa

karṇa-rākṣasa - Karṇa and a Rākṣasa

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+rākṣasa)

• karṇa – Karṇa (name of a warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rākṣasa – Rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, fight, combat

अलायुधः (alāyudhaḥ) - Alāyudha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alāyudha

alāyudha - Alāyudha (name of a Rākṣasa)

राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - chief of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – Rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, endowed with virility

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - advanced, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-vṛt

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)